{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T02:56:10Z","timestamp":1788922570420,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":147,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]],"date-time":"2020-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"undefined  &lt;span style=&quot;color:gray;font-size:10px;&quot;&gt;undefined&lt;\/span&gt;","award":["RO1 NS33506 and  NS060699"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 NS33506 and  NS060699"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)","award":["NS060699"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS060699"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1 NS33506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 NS33506"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an alphaherpesvirus related to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1). PRV is the causative agent of Aujeskzy\u2019s disease in swine. PRV infects mucosal epithelium and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) of its host where it can establish a quiescent, latent infection. While the natural host of PRV is the swine, a broad spectrum of mammals, including rodents, cats, dogs, and cattle can be infected. Since the nineteenth century, PRV infection is known to cause a severe acute neuropathy, the so called \u201cmad itch\u201d in non-natural hosts, but surprisingly not in swine. In the past, most scientific efforts have been directed to eradicating PRV from pig farms by the use of effective marker vaccines, but little attention has been given to the processes leading to the mad itch. The main objective of this review is to provide state-of-the-art information on the mechanisms governing PRV-induced neuropathic itch in non-natural hosts. We highlight similarities and key differences in the pathogenesis of PRV infections between non-natural hosts and pigs that might explain their distinctive clinical outcomes. Current knowledge on the neurobiology and possible explanations for the unstoppable itch experienced by PRV-infected animals is also reviewed. We summarize recent findings concerning PRV-induced neuroinflammatory responses in mice and address the relevance of this animal model to study other alphaherpesvirus-induced neuropathies, such as those observed for VZV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9040254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]],"date-time":"2020-03-31T10:29:38Z","timestamp":1585650578000},"page":"254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["The Neuropathic Itch Caused by Pseudorabies Virus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Kathlyn","family":"Laval","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn W.","family":"Enquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"353","article-title":"Uber eine neue Infektion krankheit bei Haustieren","volume":"32","author":"Aujeszky","year":"1902","journal-title":"Zbl Bakt Abt Orig"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"383","article-title":"Beitr\u00e4ge zur Pathologieder infekti\u00f6sen Bulb\u00e4r paralyse (Aujeszky-schen Krankheit)","volume":"8","author":"Schmiedhoffer","year":"1910","journal-title":"Z. 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