{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T01:04:35Z","timestamp":1786583075774,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]],"date-time":"2020-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"SOCIEDAD ESPA\u00d1OLA DE MEDICINA TROPICAL Y SALUD INTERNACIONAL (SEMTSI)","award":["SEMTSI-2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SEMTSI-2018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Strongyloides stercoralis is a widely distributed nematode more frequent in tropical areas and particularly severe in immunosuppressed patients. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with strongyloidiasis in migrants living in a non-endemic area and to assess the response to treatment and follow-up in those diagnosed with the infection. We performed a multicenter case-control study with 158 cases and 294 controls matched 1:2 by a department service. Participants were recruited simultaneously at six hospitals or clinics in Spain. A paired-match analysis was then performed looking for associations and odds ratios in sociodemographic characteristics, pathological background, clinical presentation and analytical details. Cases outcomes after a six-month follow-up visit were also registered and their particularities described. Most cases and controls came from Latin America (63%\u201347%) or sub-Saharan Africa (26%\u201335%). The number of years residing in Spain (9.9 vs. 9.8, p = 0.9) and immunosuppression status (30% vs. 36.3%, p = 0.2) were also similar in both groups. Clinical symptoms such as diffuse abdominal pain (21% vs. 13%, p = 0.02), and epigastralgia (29% vs. 18%, p &lt; 0.001); along with a higher eosinophil count (483 vs. 224 cells\/mL in cases and controls, p &lt; 0.001) and the mean total Immunoglobulin E (IgE) (354 U\/L vs. 157.9 U\/L; p &lt; 0.001) were associated with having strongyloidiasis. Finally, 98.2% percent of the cases were treated with ivermectin in different schedules, and 94.5% met the cure criteria at least six months after their first consultation. Abdominal pain, epigastralgia, eosinophilia, increased levels of IgE and Latin American origin remain the main features associated with S. stercoralis infection, although this association is less evident in immunosuppressed patients. The appropriate follow-up time to evaluate treatment response based on serology titers should be extended beyond 6 months if the cure criteria are not achieved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9060507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]],"date-time":"2020-06-23T09:05:33Z","timestamp":1592903133000},"page":"507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Clinical Features Associated with Strongyloidiasis in Migrants and the Potential Impact of Immunosuppression: A Case Control Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Angela","family":"Martinez-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CAP Casanova, Consorci d\u2019Atenci\u00f3 Primaria en Salut Barcelona Esquerra, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Barcelona Institute for Global Health, ISGlobal-Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Soriano-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Medicine Unit, Hospital de Poniente, El Ejido, 04700 Almer\u00eda, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0546-1354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Salvador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Gomez-Junyent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL; University of Barcelona, L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Villar-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, 08003 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8474-3543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Santin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL; University of Barcelona, L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4150-8834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carme","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hospital Sant Pau, 08001 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Cord\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4302-7022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Salas-Coronas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Medicine Unit, Hospital de Poniente, El Ejido, 04700 Almer\u00eda, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Sulleiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dolors","family":"Somoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4633-8288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bego\u00f1a","family":"Trevi\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Medicine Unit Vall d\u2019Hebron-Drassanes, PROSICS Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ros\u00e1ngela","family":"Pecorelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario General de Catalunya, 08915 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaume","family":"Llaberia-Marcual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hospital Sant Pau, 08001 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Lozano-Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Medicine Unit, Hospital de Poniente, El Ejido, 04700 Almer\u00eda, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9992-6951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lloren\u00e7","family":"Quinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barcelona Institute for Global Health, ISGlobal-Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Manhi\u00e7a, 1929 Maputo, Mozambique"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barcelona Institute for Global Health, ISGlobal-Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4422-241X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Requena-M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barcelona Institute for Global Health, ISGlobal-Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine-Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Solna, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the STRONG-SEMTSI working group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bisoffi, Z., Buonfrate, D., Montresor, A., Requena-Mendez, A., Munoz, J., Krolewiecki, A.J., Gotuzzo, E., Mena, M.A., Chiodini, P.L., and Anselmi, M. 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