{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T11:11:01Z","timestamp":1778929861391,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parasite monitoring is considered a necessary step for cetacean management and conservation. Between February 2013 and July 2015, 26 dolphins (15 Stenella coeruleoalba, 10 Tursiops truncatus, and one Grampus griseus) stranded along the Tuscan coastline of the protected marine area \u201cPelagos Sanctuary\u201d, were examined. Organs, tissues, and faecal and blood samples taken from all animals were analysed by parasitological, immunological, and molecular techniques. Twenty-one out of 26 dolphins (80.77%) tested positive for at least one parasite species, and 13\/15 (86.7%) S. coeruleoalba, 7\/10 (70%) T. truncatus, and the single G. griseus were found positive. Identified parasites included the nematodes Skrjabinalius guevarai (7.69%, 2\/26), Halocercus lagenorhynchi (3.85%, 1\/26), Halocercus delphini (7.69%, 2\/26), Stenurus ovatus (7.69%, 2\/26), Crassicauda spp. (7.69%, 2\/26); the trematodes Pholeter gastrophilus (26.92%, 7\/26), Campula palliata (3.85%, 1\/26); the cestodes Phyllobothrium delphini (42.31%, 11\/26), Monorygma grimaldii (23.08%, 6\/26), Tetrabothrium forsteri (7.69%, 2\/26), Strobilocephalus triangularis (7.69%, 2\/26), and the acanthocephalan Bolbosoma vasculosum (7.69%, 2\/26). Moreover, 6\/26 (23%) animals scored positive to Toxoplasma gondii at serology, but PCR confirmed the infection (T. gondii Type II genotype) in a single animal. In examined dolphins, obtained results showed a high prevalence of endoparasites, which included species considered as a cause of severe debilitation or death.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9080612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]],"date-time":"2020-07-28T10:16:49Z","timestamp":1595931409000},"page":"612","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Dolphins Stranded along the Tuscan Coastline (Central Italy) of the \u201cPelagos Sanctuary\u201d: A Parasitological Investigation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Giuliana","family":"Terracciano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana \u201cM. Aleandri\u201d., S. dell\u2019Abetone e del Brennero n. 4, 56123 Pisa and Viale Europa n. 30, 58100 Grosseto, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Fichi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana \u201cM. Aleandri\u201d., S. dell\u2019Abetone e del Brennero n. 4, 56123 Pisa and Viale Europa n. 30, 58100 Grosseto, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Comentale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge n.2, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enrica","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana \u201cM. Aleandri\u201d., S. dell\u2019Abetone e del Brennero n. 4, 56123 Pisa and Viale Europa n. 30, 58100 Grosseto, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Mancusi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARPAT, Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione Ambientale Toscana, Via Marrani 114, 57126 Livorno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6459-2151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefania","family":"Perrucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge n.2, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Panigada, S., Lauriano, G., Burt, L., Pierantonio, N., and Donovan, G. (2011). 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