{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T04:54:47Z","timestamp":1792212887261,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]],"date-time":"2020-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016\/00468-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/00468-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ursolic acid (UA) is a triterpene with a broad array of pharmacological activities. In leishmaniasis, UA killed different species of parasites, and it was active in the experimental model of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the therapeutic efficacy of the conventional drugs amphotericin B (AmB) or glucantime (Glu) combined with UA in experimental visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis, respectively. L. (L.) infantum-infected hamsters were treated with AmB alone or combined with UA. L. (L.) amazonensis-infected BALB\/c mice were treated with Glu alone or combined with UA. Animals were treated for 15 consecutive days by intraperitoneal or intralesional routes. Following one week after the last dose, the tissue parasitism and cellular immune responses were analyzed. Hamsters treated with 0.2 and 1.0 mg\/kg of AmB plus 1.0 mg\/kg of UA showed low hepatic and splenic parasitisms; however, AmB given as monotherapy did not reduce the number of viable parasites in the spleen of treated animals. In cutaneous leishmaniasis, Glu given as monotherapy was inactive at 2.0 mg\/kg, showed mild activity at 10.0 mg\/kg, and at 50.0 mg\/kg was highly active at eliminating parasites in the skin. When animals were treated with Glu plus UA, higher leishmanicidal activity was observed in comparison to all groups treated with monotherapy schemes, and such activity was related to lesion improvement and upregulation of IFN-\u03b3 production. Altogether, data suggest that the association of drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis can increase the efficiency of the treatment and decrease the toxicity associated to the conventional drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9100855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]],"date-time":"2020-10-20T20:50:07Z","timestamp":1603227007000},"page":"855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Ursolic Acid Potentializes Conventional Therapy in Experimental Leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7212-5094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9ssica Adriana","family":"Jesus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of S\u00e3o Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thays Nicolli","family":"Fragoso da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of S\u00e3o Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Seiji","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of S\u00e3o Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1193-8374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Henrique","family":"G. Lago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Avenida dos Estados 5001, Santo Andr\u00e9, SP 09210-580, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1080-2440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rcia","family":"Dalastra Laurenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of S\u00e3o Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz Felipe Domingues","family":"Passero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Pra\u00e7a Infante Dom Henrique, s\/n, S\u00e3o Vicente, SP 11330-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Studies of Ocean, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Jo\u00e3o Francisco Bensdorp, 1178, S\u00e3o Vicente, SP 11350-011, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2019, July 03). WHO Leishmaniasis. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/leishmaniasis\/en\/."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stockdale, L., and Newton, R. (2013). A review of preventative methods against human leishmaniasis infection. PLoS Negl. Trop. 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