{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:22:20Z","timestamp":1787509340511,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,24]],"date-time":"2020-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Basic Research Program (973 Program) of China","award":["2015CB150300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015CB150300"]}]},{"name":"the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (ASTIP)","award":["CAAS-ASTIP-2016-LVRI-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAAS-ASTIP-2016-LVRI-03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the present study, we used an isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) proteomics technology to characterize the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the liver, hepatic lymph nodes (hLNs), and spleen of buffaloes infected with Fasciola gigantica (F. gigantica). We also used the parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) method to verify the expression levels of the DEPs in the three infected tissues. At three days post-infection (dpi), 225, 1821, and 364 DEPs were detected in the liver, hLNs, and spleen, respectively. At 42 dpi, 384, 252, and 214 DEPs were detected in the liver, hLNs, and spleen, respectively. At 70 dpi, 125, 829, and 247 DEPs were detected in the liver, hLNs, and spleen, respectively. Downregulation of metabolism was prominent in infected livers at all time points, and upregulation of immune responses was marked in the hLNs during early infection (three dpi); however, no changes in the immune response were detected at the late stages of infection (42 and 70 dpi). Compared to the hLNs, there was no significant upregulation in the levels of immune responses in the infected spleen. All the identified DEPs were used to predict the subcellular localization of the proteins, which were related to extracellular space and membrane and were involved in host immune responses. Further PRM analysis confirmed the expression of 18 proteins. These data provide the first simultaneous proteomic profiles of multiple organs of buffaloes experimentally infected with F. gigantica.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9120982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,24]],"date-time":"2020-11-24T09:06:28Z","timestamp":1606208788000},"page":"982","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Proteomic Profiling of the Liver, Hepatic Lymph Nodes, and Spleen of Buffaloes Infected with Fasciola gigantica"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0587-0542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui-Si","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin Province, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fu-Kai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3303-930X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hany M.","family":"Elsheikha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiao-Ni","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5314-5869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Ehsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing-Quan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu Province, China"},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030800, Shanxi Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70294-8","article-title":"Global burden of human food-borne trematodiasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Keiser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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