{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T04:15:50Z","timestamp":1791778550995,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]],"date-time":"2021-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Financial University","award":["14W03.31.0009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14W03.31.0009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathophysiology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sarcoidosis (SC) is a granulomatous disease of an unknown origin. The most common SC-related neurological complication is a small fiber neuropathy (SFN) that is often considered to be the result of chronic inflammation and remains significantly understudied. This study aimed to identify the clinical and histological correlates of small fiber neuropathy in sarcoidosis patients. The study was performed in 2018\u20132019 yy and included 50 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis (n = 25) and healthy subjects (n = 25). For the clinical verification of the SFN, the \u201cSmall Fiber Neuropathy Screening List\u201d (SFN-SL) was used. A punch biopsy of the skin was performed followed by enzyme immunoassay analysis with PGP 9.5 antibodies. Up to 60% of the sarcoidosis patients reported the presence of at least one complaint, and it was possible that these complaints were associated with SFN. The most frequent complaints included dysfunctions of the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems and the gastrointestinal tract. A negative, statistically significant correlation between the intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IEND) and SFN-SL score was revealed. In patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, small fiber neuropathy might develop as a result of systemic immune-mediated inflammation. The most common symptoms of this complication were dysautonomia and mild sensory dysfunction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathophysiology28040035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T04:35:57Z","timestamp":1640061357000},"page":"544-550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Small Fiber Neuropathy in Sarcoidosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Natalia","family":"Gavrilova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, 191036 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of the Mosaic of Autoimmunity, Saint-Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9023-6986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Starshinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of the Mosaic of Autoimmunity, Saint-Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6273-4304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yulia","family":"Zinchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, 191036 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of the Mosaic of Autoimmunity, Saint-Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1878-4467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry","family":"Kudlay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Pharmacy, Sechenov University, 119571 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Personalized Medicine and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Immunology, 115552 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Shapkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Medical Research Center for Oncology, 197758 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6008-1354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Malkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of the Mosaic of Autoimmunity, Saint-Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Belyaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, 191036 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"City Tuberculosis Hospital \u21162, 194214 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Pavlova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, 191036 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Yablonskiy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, 191036 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of the Mosaic of Autoimmunity, Saint-Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yehuda","family":"Shoenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of the Mosaic of Autoimmunity, Saint-Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.07.016","article-title":"Evidence of small-fiber neuropathy (SFN) in two patients with unexplained genital sensory loss and sensory urinary cystopathy","volume":"380","author":"Abdelrazek","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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