{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:00:52Z","timestamp":1787029252728,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]],"date-time":"2023-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathophysiology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous studies have yielded inconsistent results on whether glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and random blood glucose (RBG) are associated with mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to assess the association of HbA1c and RBG with mortality among COVID-19 patients with T2DM. A retrospective study was conducted on 237 patients with COVID-19 and T2DM (survival (n = 169) and non-survival groups (n = 68)). Data on socio-demography, comorbidities, clinical symptoms, laboratory examination, and mortality were collected. Patients in the non-survival group had an older age range as compared with those in the survival group (60 (52.3\u201365.0) vs. 56.0 (48.5\u201361.5) years, p = 0.009). There was no statistical gender difference between the two groups. After matching was done, chronic kidney disease, NLR, d-dimer, procalcitonin, and random blood glucose were higher in the non-survival group compared to the survival group (p &lt; 0.05). HbA1c levels were similar in survivors and non-survivors (8.7% vs. 8.9%, p=0.549). The level of RBG was independently associated with mortality of COVID-19 patients with T2DM (p = 0.003, adjusted OR per 1-SD increment 2.55, 95% CI: 1.36\u20134.76). In conclusion, RBG was associated with the mortality of COVID-19 patients with T2DM, but HbA1c was not.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathophysiology30020012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]],"date-time":"2023-04-06T05:54:39Z","timestamp":1680760479000},"page":"136-143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Random Blood Glucose, but Not HbA1c, Was Associated with Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus\u2014A Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9099-1407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefanus Gunawan","family":"Kandinata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital\u2014Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7594-0123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soebagijo Adi","family":"Soelistijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital\u2014Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4870-3242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agung","family":"Pranoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital\u2014Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8648-9796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erwin Astha","family":"Triyono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital\u2014Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.20473\/jr.v8-I.1.2022.15-25","article-title":"The effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation on pulmonary function among adults patients of COVID-19 survivors: A systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Sukartini","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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