{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T16:27:40Z","timestamp":1787588860041,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathophysiology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is a prevalent and underdiagnosed condition with significant systemic and quality-of-life impacts. While polysomnography remains the gold standard for diagnosis, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) presents a potential adjunctive imaging tool for anatomical airway evaluation. Objective: We aimed to assess the effectiveness of three-dimensional airway evaluation via CBCT as a complementary diagnostic tool for OSAS. Methods: A diagnostic test study (experimental pilot study) was conducted using CBCT scans of 30 patients, divided into two groups: 15 scans from patients with a confirmed OSAS diagnosis through polysomnography and 15 scans from healthy controls. Five tomographic variables were analyzed: anteroposterior distance, lateral distance, minimum cross-sectional area, airway volume, and airway shape. Statistical analysis was performed comparing both groups. Results: The minimum cross-sectional area and airway volume showed statistically significant differences between the OSAS and control groups (p = 0.038 and p = 0.0055, respectively). Anteroposterior and lateral distances showed trends toward significance but were not statistically significant. Conclusions: CBCT-based airway analysis, particularly focusing on volumetric and cross-sectional area parameters, demonstrates strong potential as a complementary tool in the diagnosis of peripheral-type OSAS. However, it cannot replace polysomnography, especially for central OSAS diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathophysiology32040050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T10:39:37Z","timestamp":1758883177000},"page":"50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Three-Dimensional Airway Assessment as Diagnostic Aid in Obstructive Sleep Apnea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Oscar Arturo","family":"Ben\u00edtez-C\u00e1rdenas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Regional High Specialty Hospital \u201cDr. Ignacio Morones Prieto\u201d, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico"},{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potos\u00ed, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78290, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u00e9stor Oliver","family":"Herrera-Salguero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potos\u00ed, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78290, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elhi Manuel","family":"Torres-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Regional High Specialty Hospital \u201cDr. Ignacio Morones Prieto\u201d, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico"},{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potos\u00ed, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78290, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel Angel","family":"Noyola-Fr\u00edas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Regional High Specialty Hospital \u201cDr. Ignacio Morones Prieto\u201d, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico"},{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potos\u00ed, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78290, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Rider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potos\u00ed, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78290, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1659-7476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marlen","family":"Vitales-Noyola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endodontics Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potos\u00ed, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78290, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200709-155MG","article-title":"The Epidemiology of Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea","volume":"5","author":"Punjabi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. 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