{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:29:53Z","timestamp":1785407393837,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005297","name":"Medical University of Bialystok","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B.SUB.26.290"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B.SUB.26.290"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005297","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005297","name":"Medical University of Bialystok","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B.SUB.26.273"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B.SUB.26.273"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005297","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["B.SUB.26.290"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B.SUB.26.290"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00y4ya841","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["B.SUB.26.273"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B.SUB.26.273"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00y4ya841","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathophysiology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by epidermal barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation, whereas major depressive disorder is a common psychiatric condition with a substantial impact on quality of life; increasing attention has been given to oxidative and nitrosative stress as a potential biological link between these disorders. Methods: This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on molecular biomarkers of oxidative and nitrosative stress in AD and MDD and examines shared mechanisms within the skin\u2013brain axis. Results: Across both conditions, studies consistently report increased markers of lipid peroxidation (e.g., malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal), oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2\u2032-deoxyguanosine), and nitrosative stress, alongside impaired antioxidant defenses, particularly involving glutathione; these alterations are closely associated with chronic inflammation, cytokine signaling, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dysregulation of neuroimmune and hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis pathways. Conclusions: Although the available evidence is heterogeneous and largely based on cross-sectional studies, limiting causal inference, the findings support a biologically plausible link between AD and depression mediated by shared redox pathways and highlight the need for further longitudinal and mechanistic research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathophysiology33020039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T06:33:44Z","timestamp":1781073224000},"page":"39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress in Atopic Dermatitis and Depression: Similarities in Biomarkers and Pathophysiological Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6922-6808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominika","family":"Jab\u0142onka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wo\u0142odyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2448-1190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Modzelewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wo\u0142odyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7021-5133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Napoleon","family":"Waszkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wo\u0142odyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.26502\/jbb.2642-91280155","article-title":"Exploring the Complexities of Atopic Dermatitis: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches","volume":"7","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Biotechnol. Biomed."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s43556-025-00313-3","article-title":"Atopic Dermatitis: Diagnosis, Molecular Pathogenesis, and Therapeutics","volume":"6","author":"Bai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Biomed."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsuge, M., Ikeda, M., Matsumoto, N., Yorifuji, T., and Tsukahara, H. (2021). Current Insights into Atopic March. 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