{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:48:53Z","timestamp":1760147333406,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]],"date-time":"2023-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was undoubtedly a stressful experience for everyone. General opinion believed that children with acute or chronic illness could experience additional burden, but this is not confirmed. The aim of this study is to understand how children and adolescents already suffering from acute or chronic illness (e.g., cancer, cystic fibrosis, neuropsychiatric disorders) feel about the COVID-19 pandemic, and if the experience is significantly different between these children and children without illness. Methods: Children and adolescents affected by acute or chronic illness (named the \u201cfragile group\u201d) treated at the Regina Margherita Children Hospital in Italy, were enrolled in the study by filling a questionnaire about their pandemic experiences. Also, a group of children and adolescents without acute or chronic illness (named the \u201clow-risk group\u201d) recruited in the emergency department of the hospital, participated in the study in order to compare experiences. Results: The study group was composed of 166 children and adolescents (Median age = 12 yrs; 78% fragile group, 22% low-risk group). Participants experienced a general state of fear of the virus and of a potential infection for both themselves and their families, while feelings and thoughts that interfere with daily functioning were less frequent. The fragile group seems to be more resilient towards the pandemic situation than low-risk group and some differences on the basis of the type of illness were found in the fragile group. Conclusions: Dedicated psychosocial intervention must be proposed in order to support fragile children and adolescents\u2019 well-being during the pandemic, also on the basis of their clinical and mental history.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pediatric15010008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T11:25:47Z","timestamp":1675077947000},"page":"58-68","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["No Child Should Be Left Behind by COVID-19: A Report about the COVID-19 Pandemic Experience in Children and Adolescents with Acute or Chronic Disease Treated at a Pediatric Referral Hospital in Italy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1437-3572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Zucchetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncohematology Division, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Ciappina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncohematology Division, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristiana","family":"Risso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Pneumology Division, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2105-2120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice","family":"Malabaila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Emergency Division, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Racalbuto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Emergency Division, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Division, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margherita","family":"Dionisi Vici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncohematology Division, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Bertolotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncohematology Division, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Quarello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncohematology Division, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9257-900X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franca","family":"Fagioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncohematology Division, Regina Margherita Children\u2019s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"e2111441","article-title":"COVID-19 in Children\u2014Not Just Little Adults","volume":"4","author":"Schuster","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1007\/s11673-020-10052-5","article-title":"Telling the Truth to Child Cancer Patients in COVID-19 times","volume":"17","author":"Gillam","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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