{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T22:44:15Z","timestamp":1765233855796,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Romania"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The long-term effects on neonates born of COVID-19-positive pregnancies are still unclear. Congenital gastrointestinal malformations (CGIMs) often require urgent surgical intervention and antibiotic coverage. We aim to compare the health status at one-year post-surgical follow-up of cases of CGIM born of COVID-19-positive pregnancies to those of non-COVID-19 pregnancies. Methods: We conducted a comparative, observational study of 41 patients who underwent surgery at our hospital for congenital gastrointestinal malformations in 2022. They were initially treated with antibiotics and parenteral nutrition, which was later replaced with enteral nutrition gradually after the surgery. We then analyzed the data related to their growth and development during their 12-month follow-up visit at our outpatient clinic. We classified the children born of COVID-19-positive mothers as Group 1 (n = 14) and those born of mothers without COVID-19 symptoms or with unconfirmed status as Group 2 (n = 33). Results: Forty-one patients showed up for a one-year follow-up (between 11 and 13 months of life). Hence, the final Group 1 comprised 12 and Group 2 comprised 29 children. The patients were categorized based on their anatomical location. Of the cohort, 56.09% were preemies, and 43.91% were full-term newborns. We used seven parameters to evaluate both groups based on growth and developmental milestones: verbal skills, cognitive development, weight gain, height achieved, fine motor movements, gross motor movements, and social\/emotional behavior. Group 1 children showed a significant decrease in height and weight compared to Group 2 children. In Group 1, 83.33% of patients were prescribed antibiotics, while only 10.34% in Group 2 were in the same situation. There were no cases of malabsorption syndrome in Group 2, but 16.66% of patients in Group 1 had it, with patients being operated on for duodenal malformations. None of the infants had necrotizing enterocolitis, post-surgical complications, or sepsis. All the children received antibiotics to prevent infection before and after surgery. No mortality was noted. Conclusions: In our one-year follow-up study, it was seen that even after surgical correction of congenital gastrointestinal malformations, children born of COVID-19-positive pregnancies can suffer serious growth and developmental delays, and gastrointestinal health issues might be more common. Since the long-term effects of COVID-19-positive pregnancies are not yet clear, larger cohort-based studies are required in this domain. Antibiotics destroy gut microbiota, especially in cases of gastrointestinal malformations and surgical resections. Growth and developmental milestones can not only be affected by CGIMs but also be further delayed by COVID-19 infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pediatric16040070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T11:40:27Z","timestamp":1727350827000},"page":"823-832","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparison of One-Year Post-Operative Evolution of Children Born of COVID-19-Positive Mothers vs. COVID-19-Negative Pregnancies Having Congenital Gastrointestinal Malformation and Having Received Proper Parenteral Nutrition during Their Hospital Stay"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Timea Elisabeta","family":"Brandibur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology and Puericulture Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Neonatology and Preterm Department, \u201cLouis \u0162urcanu\u201d Children Emergency Hospital, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2824-7182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nilima Rajpal","family":"Kundnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Internal Medicine and Ambulatory Care, Prevention and Cardiovascular Recovery, Department of Cardiology, Research Centre of Timisoara Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2067-1410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kakarla","family":"Ramakrishna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522302, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Mederle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of General Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aniko Maria","family":"Manea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology and Puericulture Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Neonatology and Preterm Department, \u201cLouis \u0162urcanu\u201d Children Emergency Hospital, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marioara","family":"Boia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology and Puericulture Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Neonatology and Preterm Department, \u201cLouis \u0162urcanu\u201d Children Emergency Hospital, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marius Calin","family":"Popoiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department XI of Pediatric Surgery, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(69)90389-3","article-title":"Total parenteral nutrition in infants with catastrophic gastrointestinal anomalies","volume":"4","author":"Wilmore","year":"1969","journal-title":"J. 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