{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T06:38:04Z","timestamp":1763707084041,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Council Grants","award":["108-2314-B-075-043-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["108-2314-B-075-043-MY2"]}]},{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital Grants","award":["V109C-145"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V109C-145"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Noninfectious complications of peritoneal dialysis (PD) are common in infants. Mechanical dysfunctions with abdominal compartment syndrome, hydrothorax with respiratory failure, and medication-induced chyloperitoneum are rare during PD. In this case report, we aim to present several life-threatening events and the timely management of a PD infant. Case Presentation: This male infant is a case of infantile nephronophthisis, NPHP3\/renal-hepatic\u2013pancreatic dysplasia type 1, with end-stage kidney disease, and he received PD therapy at 4 months of age. Because of the young age with low body weight and hepatosplenomegaly with a limited abdominal cavity, intra-abdominal pressure-associated noninfectious complications frequently occurred. Acute respiratory failure with abdominal dullness was detected at 5 months of age. Abdominal compartment syndrome caused by PD catheter outflow obstruction from omental wrapping was diagnosed via laparoscopic revision surgery. Hyperkalemia, decreased PD drainage volume, and sudden respiratory distress occurred at 10 months old. Hydrothorax due to pleuroperitoneal communication was confirmed by scintigraphy. After thoracoscopic diaphragmatic bleb repair and plication surgery were performed, no recurrence of hydrothorax was observed. Calcium channel blocker-induced chyloperitoneum was observed at 13 months of age. Chylous ascites disappeared after tapering off the calcium channel blocker in 3 days. After the patient grew up with a larger peritoneal cavity, no more pressure-associated complications of PD occurred. Conclusions: The key to successful treatment of rare and life-threatening noninfectious complications of PD in young infants lies in early detection and timely intervention. A limited abdominal cavity is not a contraindication for PD therapy, especially in very young infants with low body weight, because hemodialysis is not a choice of long-term dialysis modality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pediatric17050100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T07:58:13Z","timestamp":1759305493000},"page":"100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Life-Threatening Noninfectious Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis in an Infant with End-Stage Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Chao-Ting","family":"Teng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Immunology and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4240-5017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Hsuan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Immunology and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4476-841X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsin-Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Immunology and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Sheng","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chin-Su","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei-Chen","family":"Tsao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meei-Chyi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Immunology and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui-Lan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Immunology and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Keelung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Keelung 20120, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chien-Hung","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Immunology and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A7","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2021.01.002","article-title":"US Renal Data System 2020 Annual Data Report: Epidemiology of Kidney Disease in the United States","volume":"77","author":"Johansen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. 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