{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T17:17:35Z","timestamp":1772558255678,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) often experience treatment-related side effects. Physical therapy (PT) surveillance programs are helpful in identifying impairments; however, they do not typically incorporate assessments for peripheral neuropathy, motor proficiency, and foot drop. Our aim is to explore the feasibility of conducting additional functional tests to an existing surveillance program to improve the identification of impairments and characterize the prevalence of treatment-related deficits in children with ALL. Methods: A prospective, longitudinal descriptive study, embedded into a quality improvement initiative, was conducted. The surveillance program included standard assessments for ankle range of motion, activity level, balance, functional capacity, pain, gait, and kneeling to standing. Additional tests included motor and sensory function, foot posture, motor performance, quality of life, feasibility (recruitment and completion rates), service provision, and self-reported symptoms. Data were collected over 3 months. Results: Twenty children completed the study and 19 completed all assessments. Nineteen children presented deficits in at least two physical function tests. The most prevalent deficit identified from standard PT tests included decreased ankle range of motion (n = 19; 95%), and the most common deficit seen in the additional tests was impaired motor and sensory function (n = 14\/19; 74%). Pain was the most common self-reported symptom in the checklist and the second worst subscale score in the pain dimension of the quality of life questionnaire (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Several treatment-related deficits were identified in children with ALL. Further research is warranted to explore the use of a standardized symptom checklist for the timely identification of functional limitations and impairments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pediatric18020036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T15:15:29Z","timestamp":1772550929000},"page":"36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Physical Therapy Surveillance in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Quality Improvement Initiative"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4582-4233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula A.","family":"Ospina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2450-2096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncology Unit, Stollery Children\u2019s Hospital, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beverly A.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Oncology Unit, Stollery Children\u2019s Hospital, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lesley","family":"Pritchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5976-0798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David D.","family":"Eisenstat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada"},{"name":"Children\u2019s Cancer Centre, Royal Children\u2019s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cindy","family":"Fuengeling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4376-4847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret L.","family":"McNeely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada"},{"name":"Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T5J 3E4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute (US) (2025). Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment (PDQ\u00ae): Health Professional Version. PDQ Cancer Information Summaries 2025, National Cancer Institute (US)."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Canadian Cancer Society (2026, January 11). Childhood Leukemia Statistics. Available online: https:\/\/www.cancer.ca\/en\/cancer-information\/cancer-type\/leukemia-childhood\/statistics\/?region=qc#:~:text=The%20most%20recent%20incidence%20statistics,diagnosed%20with%20acute%20myelogenous%20leukemia."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Inaba, H., and Pui, C.-H. (2021). Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. J. Clin. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10091926"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.21325","article-title":"Decrease in peripheral muscle strength and ankle dorsiflexion as long-term side effects of treatment for childhood cancer","volume":"50","author":"Hartman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr. Blood Cancer"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.26337","article-title":"Neuromuscular impairments in adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Associations with physical performance and chemotherapy doses","volume":"118","author":"Ness","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3411","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-01-621680","article-title":"Energy balance and fitness in adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"125","author":"Ness","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1097\/PEP.0000000000000208","article-title":"Gait Patterns in Children with Cancer and Vincristine Neuropathy","volume":"28","author":"Gilchrist","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr. Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/85.8.782","article-title":"Proficiency of balance in children and youth who have had acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"85","author":"Wright","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/PEP.0000000000000484","article-title":"Short-Term Recovery of Balance Control: Association with Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Pediatric Oncology","volume":"30","author":"Gilchrist","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr. Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1177\/1043454217698093","article-title":"The Stoplight Program: A Proactive Physical Therapy Intervention for Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","volume":"34","author":"Tanner","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Oncol. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24537","article-title":"Motor functioning during and following treatment with chemotherapy for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"60","author":"Green","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr. Blood Cancer"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jss003","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental Functioning in Very Young Children Undergoing Treatment for Non-CNS Cancers","volume":"37","author":"Bornstein","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2017.05.004","article-title":"Gait characteristics of children and youth with chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy following treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"58","author":"Wright","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12114","article-title":"Patterns and severity of vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Peripher. Nerv. Syst."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"359","article-title":"Comparison of two chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy measurement approaches in children","volume":"22","author":"Gilchrist","year":"2014","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"e124","article-title":"Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Pediatric Cancer Patients","volume":"5","author":"Moore","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1188\/07.CJON.361-376","article-title":"Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: A review and implications for oncology nursing practice","volume":"11","author":"Wickham","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. J. Oncol. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1177\/1043454218762705","article-title":"Assessment Tools for Peripheral Neuropathy in Pediatric Oncology: A Systematic Review From the Children\u2019s Oncology Group","volume":"35","author":"Smolik","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Oncol. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Stubblefield, M. (2019). Peripheral Neuropathy in Cancer (Chapter 50). Cancer Rehabilitation Principles and Practices, Springer. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8027.2009.00230.x","article-title":"Peripheral neuropathy in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"14","author":"Ramchandren","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Peripher. Nerv. Syst."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073813491829","article-title":"Vincristine-induced neuropathy in childhood ALL (acute lymphoblastic leukemia) survivors: Prevalence and electrophysiological characteristics","volume":"29","author":"Jain","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Child Neurol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2013.03.009","article-title":"Chemotherapy-Related Neuropathic Symptoms and Functional Impairment in Adult Survivors of Extracranial Solid Tumors of Childhood: Results From the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study","volume":"94","author":"Ness","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/01.REO.0000000000000152","article-title":"Multidimensional Outcome Measurement of Children and Youth with Neuropathy Following Treatment of Leukemia: Cross-sectional Descriptive Report","volume":"37","author":"Wright","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rehabil. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.21706","article-title":"Decrease in motor performance in children with cancer is independent of the cumulative dose of vincristine","volume":"106","author":"Hartman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2017.05.011","article-title":"Improving Functional Mobility in Children and Adolescents Undergoing Treatment for Non-Central Nervous System Cancers: A Systematic Review","volume":"9","author":"Wacker","year":"2017","journal-title":"PM R"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/NCC.0000000000000256","article-title":"Limitations in Ankle Dorsiflexion Range of Motion, Gait, and Walking Efficiency in Childhood Cancer Survivors","volume":"39","author":"Beulertz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Nurs."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29211","article-title":"Frailty in childhood cancer survivors","volume":"121","author":"Ness","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"1","article-title":"Late Effects of Therapy in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors","volume":"36","author":"Okcu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Turk. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzy115","article-title":"Long-Term Survivorship Care After Cancer Treatment: A New Emphasis on the Role of Rehabilitation Services","volume":"99","author":"Stout","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28681","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.28681","article-title":"The Italian consensus conference on the role of rehabilitation for children and adolescents with leukemia, central nervous system, and bone tumors, part 1: Review of the conference and presentation of consensus statements on rehabilitative evaluation of motor aspects","volume":"67","author":"Rossi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr. Blood Cancer"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"139","article-title":"Cancer rehabilitation for children: A model with potential","volume":"5","author":"Heath","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer Care"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soncn.2019.150983","article-title":"Proactive Rehabilitation for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy","volume":"36","author":"Knoerl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin. Oncol. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)\u2014A metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Inform."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1546-0096-6-6","article-title":"Review for the generalist: Evaluation of pediatric foot and ankle pain","volume":"6","author":"Houghton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19871001)60:7<1651::AID-CNCR2820600738>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"The measurement of performance in childhood cancer patients","volume":"60","author":"Lansky","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"Folio, M.R., and Fewell, R.R. (2000). Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, Pro-ed.. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Thoracic Society (2002). ATS statement: Guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 166, 111\u2013117.","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.166.1.at1102"},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"Baker, C., and Wong, D. (2026, January 11). Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. Available online: https:\/\/wongbakerfaces.org\/."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-9457(96)00006-1","article-title":"Clinical gait analysis: A review","volume":"15","author":"Whittle","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum. Mov. Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/75.7.603","article-title":"The Gross Motor Performance Measure: Validity and responsiveness of a measure of quality of movement","volume":"75","author":"Boyce","year":"1995","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"847","article-title":"The pediatric-modified total neuropathy score: A reliable and valid measure of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in children with non-CNS cancers","volume":"21","author":"Gilchrist","year":"2013","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.10.005","article-title":"The Foot Posture Index: Rasch Analysis of a Novel, Foot-Specific Outcome Measure","volume":"88","author":"Keenan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Bruininks, R.H. (1978). Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, American Guidance Service."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10428","article-title":"The PEDsQL in Pediatric Cancer: Reliability and validity of the Pediatric Quality of Life inventory Generic Core Scales, Multidimensional Fatigue Scale, and Cancer Module","volume":"94","author":"Varni","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/01.REO.0000000000000042","article-title":"Safety of Symptom-Based Modification of Physical Therapy Interventions in Pediatric Oncology Patients with and Without Low Blood Counts","volume":"35","author":"Lynn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rehabil. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1097\/MPH.0000000000000177","article-title":"Clinically Meaningful Interpretation of Pediatric Health-related Quality of Life in Sickle Cell Disease","volume":"37","author":"Beverung","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u0160najdrov\u00e1, T., Patrmanov\u00e1, E., Jevi\u010d, F., Bo\u0159ilov\u00e1, K., Hrdou\u0161kov\u00e1, M., and Mus\u00e1lek, M. (2023). Clinical applicability of short form of Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency Second Edition in patients after treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Front. Pediatr., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2023.1071572"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e26471","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.26471","article-title":"Vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia","volume":"64","author":"Tay","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr. Blood Cancer"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3138\/ptc.2015-67LHC","article-title":"Associating Physical Activity Levels with Motor Performance and Physical Function in Childhood Survivors of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","volume":"69","author":"Hung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiother. Can."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"488","article-title":"Identifying fine motor difficulties in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A scoping review","volume":"32","author":"Hanna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tanner, L.R., Demers, C., Schorr, E.N., Rosenberg, N.S., Hooke, M.C., Turcotte, L.M., and Treat-Jacobson, D. (2025). Impact of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy on physical function in pediatric cancer survivors: A systematic review. J. Cancer Surviv.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11764-025-01763-y"},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"524","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline and expert consensus recommendations for rehabilitation among children with cancer: A systematic review","volume":"73","author":"Randolph","year":"2023","journal-title":"CA A Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e408","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(20)30064-8","article-title":"Approaches to measure paediatric chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity: A systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.08.006","article-title":"Pain in long-term adult survivors of childhood cancers and their siblings: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study","volume":"152","author":"Lu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001261","article-title":"Chronic pain in survivors of childhood cancer: A developmental model of pain across the cancer trajectory","volume":"159","author":"Alberts","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33289","article-title":"Pain in long-term survivors of childhood cancer: A systematic review of the current state of knowledge and a call to action from the Children\u2019s Oncology Group","volume":"127","author":"Schulte","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1089\/jayao.2020.0090","article-title":"Contributing Factors of Unmet Needs Among Young Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with Comorbidities","volume":"10","author":"Lamore","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Young Adult Oncol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coluzzi, F., Rocco, M., Green Gladden, R., Persiani, P., Thur, L.A., and Milano, F. (2020). Pain Management in Childhood Leukemia: Diagnosis and Available Analgesic Treatments. Cancers, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12123671"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e26615","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.26615","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of quality of life in children treated in UKALL 2003 for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: A cohort study","volume":"64","author":"Eiser","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr. Blood Cancer"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70063","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.70063","article-title":"Systematic Review of Pain Assessment Measures Used in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","volume":"34","author":"Klages","year":"2025","journal-title":"Psycho-Oncology"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpaic.2019.03.003","article-title":"Pain assessment in children","volume":"20","author":"Brand","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anaesth. Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2012.736985","article-title":"Comparison of health-related quality of life of children during maintenance therapy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia versus siblings and healthy children in India","volume":"54","author":"Bansal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Leuk. Lymphoma"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1111\/scs.12739","article-title":"Quality of life in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia","volume":"34","author":"Butrym","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scand. J. Caring Sci."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ospina, P.A., Pritchard, L., Eisenstat, D.D., and McNeely, M.L. (2023). Advancing Pediatric Oncology Rehabilitation: Survey Findings of Health Professionals\u2019 Perceptions of Barriers to Care and a Framework for Action. Cancers, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15030693"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3109\/08880010903580209","article-title":"Physician referral frequency for physical therapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"27","author":"Gohar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1060","DOI":"10.1200\/OP.21.00796","article-title":"Physical Therapy Utilization Among Hospitalized Patients with Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","volume":"18","author":"Rodwin","year":"2022","journal-title":"JCO Oncol. Pract."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s11764-010-0151-9","article-title":"Physical therapy and chiropractic use among childhood cancer survivors with chronic disease: Impact on health-related quality of life","volume":"5","author":"Montgomery","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Cancer Surviv."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2020-138401","article-title":"Screening for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy and Utilization of Physical Therapy in Pediatric Patients Receiving Treatment for Hematologic Malignancies","volume":"136","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewandowska, A. (2022). The Needs of Parents of Children Suffering from Cancer\u2014Continuation of Research. Children, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/children9020144"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2020.11.009","article-title":"Parental perspectives on promoting physical activity for their children surviving cancer: A qualitative study","volume":"104","author":"Cheung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Patient Educ. Couns."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e31961","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.31961","article-title":"Increasing Physical Activity in Children During Cancer Treatment: A Qualitative Study of Parents\u2019 Perspectives","volume":"72","author":"Nieto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pediatr. Blood Cancer"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-024-03320-2","article-title":"Addressing gaps and enhancing experiences in support services for families of pediatric cancer survivors","volume":"98","author":"Paul","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.4103\/singaporemedj.SMJ-2022-122","article-title":"Parents\u2019 perceptions and experiences of physical activity in childhood cancer survivors in Singapore: A qualitative study","volume":"66","author":"Weller","year":"2025","journal-title":"Singap. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wright, H., Hou, S.H.J., Henry, B., Drummond, R., Mendon\u00e7a, K., Forbes, C., Rahamatullah, I., Duong, J., Erker, C., and Taccone, M.S. (2025). Barriers and Enablers to Engaging with Long-Term Follow-Up Care Among Canadian Survivors of Pediatric Cancer: A COM-B Analysis. Curr. Oncol., 32.","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol32080427"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ospina, P.A., Shah, P., Dhaliwal, L., Fisher, S., Wilson, B.A., Pritchard, L., Eisenstat, D.D., and McNeely, M.L. (2026). Parent Perspectives on Physical Therapy for Their Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: The Light at the End of the Tunnel. Curr. Oncol., 33.","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol33010060"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28083","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.28083","article-title":"Development of a comprehensive pediatric oncology rehabilitation program","volume":"67","author":"Beam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr. Blood Cancer"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsampl.2025.100095","article-title":"Implementing an online-delivered exercise program for childhood cancer survivors: A hybrid effectiveness-implementation protocol for the MERRIER study","volume":"5","author":"Mizrahi","year":"2025","journal-title":"JSAMS Plus"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1097\/01.REO.0000000000000395","article-title":"Pediatric Early Rehabilitation in ACute Lymphoblastic LEukemia (PEACE): A Proof-of-Concept Study of an Enhanced Hybrid Delivery Format (Trial Protocol)","volume":"43","author":"Ospina","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rehabil. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2003.33.7.408","article-title":"The effect of static stretching of the calf muscle-tendon unit on active ankle dorsiflexion range of motion","volume":"33","author":"Youdas","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1997.26.4.214","article-title":"Lasting effects of one bout of two 15-second passive stretches on ankle dorsiflexion range of motion","volume":"26","author":"Zito","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djaa016","article-title":"Validity and Reliability of the Pediatric Patient-Reported Outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events","volume":"112","author":"Reeve","year":"2020","journal-title":"JNCI J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"ref_82","first-page":"180","article-title":"Test-retest reliability of balance tests in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"43","author":"Liao","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.1549","article-title":"Static Balance Norms in Children","volume":"19","author":"Condon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiother. Res. Int. J. Res. Clin. Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20308","article-title":"Six-minute walk test in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis","volume":"41","author":"Cunha","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr. Pulmonol."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(96)70067-7","article-title":"A six-minute walk test for assessing exercise tolerance in severely ill children","volume":"129","author":"Nixon","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E9","DOI":"10.1097\/NCC.0b013e31829f5510","article-title":"Assessment of Physical Performance Using the 6-Minute Walk Test in Children Receiving Treatment for Cancer","volume":"36","author":"Hooke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Nurs."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1097\/PEP.0000000000000180","article-title":"Effect of an Ankle Foot Orthosis Intervention for Children with Non-Central Nervous System Cancers: A Pilot Study","volume":"27","author":"Tanner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr. Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24243","article-title":"Motor Performance and Functional Exercise Capacity in Survivors of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","volume":"60","author":"Hartman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr. Blood Cancer"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-198205000-00012","article-title":"Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion.\/Les bases psychophysiques de la perception del\u2019 effort","volume":"14","author":"Borg","year":"1982","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2012.699581","article-title":"The six-minute walk test in obese youth: Reproducibility, validity, and prediction equation to assess aerobic power","volume":"35","author":"Vanhelst","year":"2013","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-192716","article-title":"Reproducibility and smallest real differences of walking and Energy Expenditure Index in children and adolescents with an acquired brain injury","volume":"45","author":"Fadida","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e31822877f7","article-title":"Pain Assessment for Children: Overcoming Challenges and Optimizing Care","volume":"27","author":"Drendel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr. Emerg. Care"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2009.00620.x","article-title":"Validation of the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale in pediatric emergency department patients","volume":"17","author":"Garra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acad. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.26204","article-title":"Short-term recovery of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy after treatment for pediatric non-CNS cancer","volume":"64","author":"Gilchrist","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr. Blood Cancer"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bruininks, R.H., and Bruininks, B.D. (2005). BOT-2: Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Pearson Assessments. [2nd ed.].","DOI":"10.1037\/t14991-000"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2017.04.020","article-title":"Exercise training improves physical function and fitness in long-term paediatric brain tumour survivors treated with cranial irradiation","volume":"80","author":"Piscione","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/not138","article-title":"Physical functioning in pediatric survivors of childhood posterior fossa brain tumors","volume":"16","author":"Piscione","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2008.12.002","article-title":"Reliability and responsiveness of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Second Edition in children with intellectual disability","volume":"30","author":"Wuang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Res. Dev. Disabil."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-1146-2-26","article-title":"Inter-rater reliability of the Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) in the assessment of the paediatric foot","volume":"2","author":"Morrison","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Foot Ankle Res."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e023341","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-023341","article-title":"International normative data for paediatric foot posture assessment: A cross-sectional investigation","volume":"9","author":"Evans","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2036-7503\/18\/2\/36\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T15:59:02Z","timestamp":1772553542000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2036-7503\/18\/2\/36"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["pediatric18020036"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pediatric18020036","relation":{},"ISSN":["2036-7503"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2036-7503","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]}}}