{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T09:34:42Z","timestamp":1786700082575,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr. Rep.","Pediatric Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: The aim of this study is to assess caries-related indicators (DMFT and ICDAS indices), plaque index, salivary pH and buffering capacity, and dietary and oral hygiene habits in patients with cleft lip and\/or palate undergoing orthodontic treatment, compared with a control group of healthy patients. Methods: This pilot case\u2013control study included 26 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, 13 patients with cleft lip and\/or palate and 13 healthy individuals. The following variables were assessed: diet and oral hygiene through a questionnaire; salivary pH and buffering capacity; caries risk, using the DMFT and ICDAS indices; and plaque index, using the ImageJ Software. Results: No statistically significant differences were detected in the DMFT index, salivary pH, and plaque index; nor in the diet, oral hygiene and salivary buffering capacity. A slightly higher plaque index was observed in patients with cleft lip and\/or palate compared to healthy patients. There was a statistically significant difference in the location of plaque, with a higher incidence in the upper central incisors in the study group. Conclusion: This pilot study suggests no statistically significant differences in the DMFT index, plaque index, salivary pH, and buffering capacity between patients with cleft lip and\/or palate and healthy controls undergoing orthodontic treatment. However, a higher incidence of bacterial plaque on the upper central incisors was observed in patients with cleft lip and\/or palate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pediatric18040113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T08:08:29Z","timestamp":1786694909000},"page":"113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of Caries Risk Through Clinical and Salivary Parameters in Pediatric Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Al\u00edcia","family":"Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, 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Dent."}],"container-title":["Pediatric Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2036-7503\/18\/4\/113\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T08:58:29Z","timestamp":1786697909000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2036-7503\/18\/4\/113"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["pediatric18040113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pediatric18040113","relation":{},"ISSN":["2036-7503"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2036-7503","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]}}}