{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T02:46:46Z","timestamp":1790131606501,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]],"date-time":"2021-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Technology development Program of the Ministry of SMEs and Startups","award":["S2910765"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S2910765"]}]},{"name":"Technology development Program of the Ministry of SMEs and Startups","award":["S2622262"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S2622262"]}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government","award":["2020R1I1A1A01072353"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1I1A1A01072353"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Arthritis is a common inflammatory disease that causes pain, stiffness, and joint swelling. Here, we investigated the ameliorative effects of loganin on arthritis in vitro and in vivo. A single bioactive compound was fractionated and isolated from Cornus officinalis (CO) extract to screen for anti-arthritic effects. A single component, loganin, was identified as a candidate. The CO extract and loganin inhibited the expression of factors associated with cartilage degradation, such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3), and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13), in interukin-1 beta (IL-1\u03b2)-induced chondrocyte inflammation. In addition, prostaglandin and collagenase levels were reduced following treatment of IL-1\u03b2-induced chondrocytes with loganin. In the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM)-induced mouse model, loganin administration attenuated cartilage degeneration by inhibiting COX-2, MMP-3, and MMP-13. Transverse micro-CT images revealed that loganin reduced DMM-induced osteophyte formation. These results indicate that loganin has protective effects in DMM-induced mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph14020135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,14]],"date-time":"2021-02-14T08:53:56Z","timestamp":1613292836000},"page":"135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Ameliorative Effects of Loganin on Arthritis in Chondrocytes and Destabilization of the Medial Meniscus-Induced Animal Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1928-5531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eunkuk","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2031-0802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang Gun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Hee","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seokjin","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyoju","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeonghyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subin","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nine B Co. Ltd., Daejeon 34121, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyesoo","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nine B Co. Ltd., Daejeon 34121, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong-Hoon","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nine B Co. Ltd., Daejeon 34121, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0625-3530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seon-Yong","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea"},{"name":"Nine B Co. Ltd., Daejeon 34121, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2018.11.001","article-title":"Osteoarthritis year in review 2018: Clinical","volume":"27","author":"Mandl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30417-9","article-title":"Osteoarthritis","volume":"393","author":"Hunter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1810","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24605","article-title":"Initiating factors for the onset of OA: A systematic review of animal bone and cartilage pathology in OA","volume":"38","author":"Barr","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Orthop. 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