{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T19:44:50Z","timestamp":1790192690904,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,7]],"date-time":"2021-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research KAKENHI","award":["15K10881 and 18K09424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15K10881 and 18K09424"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ocular ischemia is a common cause of blindness and plays a detrimental role in various diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, occlusion of central retinal arteries, and ocular ischemic syndrome. Abnormalities of neuronal activities in the eye occur under ocular ischemic conditions. Therefore, protecting their activities may prevent vision loss. Previously, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR\u03b1) agonists were suggested as promising drugs in ocular ischemia. However, the potential therapeutic roles of PPAR\u03b1 agonists in ocular ischemia are still unknown. Thus, we attempted to unravel systemic and ocular changes by treatment of fenofibrate, a well-known PPAR\u03b1 agonist, in a new murine model of ocular ischemia. Adult mice were orally administered fenofibrate (60 mg\/kg) for 4 days once a day, followed by induction of ocular ischemia by unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (UCCAO). After UCCAO, fenofibrate was continuously supplied to mice once every 2 days during the experiment period. Electroretinography was performed to measure retinal functional changes. Furthermore, samples from the retina, liver, and blood were subjected to qPCR, Western blot, or ELISA analysis. We found that fenofibrate boosted liver function, increased serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), one of the neuroprotective molecules in the central nervous system, and protected against UCCAO-induced retinal dysfunction. Our current data suggest a promising fenofibrate therapy in ischemic retinopathies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph14030223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,7]],"date-time":"2021-03-07T21:52:15Z","timestamp":1615153935000},"page":"223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Fenofibrate Protects against Retinal Dysfunction in a Murine Model of Common Carotid Artery Occlusion-Induced Ocular Ischemia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5992-9039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deokho","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1013-5737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yohei","family":"Tomita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"},{"name":"Boston Children\u2019s Hospital\/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5377-6772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukihiro","family":"Miwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"},{"name":"Animal Eye Care, Tokyo Animal Eye Clinic, Tokyo 158-0093, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heonuk","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiwako","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8874-7111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuo","family":"Tsubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"},{"name":"Tsubota Laboratory, Inc., Tokyo 160-0016, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5457-2720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshihide","family":"Kurihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2013.25","article-title":"A review of central retinal artery occlusion: Clinical presentation and management","volume":"27","author":"Varma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.03.038","article-title":"Central retinal artery occlusion: Visual outcome","volume":"140","author":"Hayreh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. 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