{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T10:57:34Z","timestamp":1760785054883,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01.2.2-CPVA-K-703-03-0006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01.2.2-CPVA-K-703-03-0006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A series of novel benzenesulfonamide derivatives were synthesized bearing para-N \u03b2,\u03b3-amino acid or para-N \u03b2-amino acid and thiazole moieties and their binding to the human carbonic anhydrase (CA) isozymes determined. These enzymes are involved in various illnesses, such as glaucoma, altitude sickness, epilepsy, obesity, and even cancer. There are numerous compounds that are inhibitors of CA and used as pharmaceuticals. However, most of them bind to most CA isozymes with little selectivity. The design of high affinity and selectivity towards one CA isozyme remains a significant challenge. The beta and gamma amino acid-substituted compound affinities were determined by the fluorescent thermal shift assay and isothermal titration calorimetry for all 12 catalytically active human carbonic anhydrase isozymes, showing the full affinity and selectivity profile. The structures of several compounds were determined by X-ray crystallography, and the binding mode in the active site of CA enzyme was shown.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15040477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]],"date-time":"2022-04-13T23:07:16Z","timestamp":1649891236000},"page":"477","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Beta and Gamma Amino Acid-Substituted Benzenesulfonamides as Inhibitors of Human Carbonic Anhydrases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Benas","family":"Balandis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvil\u0117n\u0173 pl. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"\u0160imk\u016bnas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saul\u0117tekio 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0919-7826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vaida","family":"Paketuryt\u0117-Latv\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saul\u0117tekio 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vilma","family":"Michailovien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saul\u0117tekio 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aurelija","family":"Mickevi\u010di\u016bt\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saul\u0117tekio 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6027-2265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Manakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Protein\u2013DNA Interactions, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saul\u0117tekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saulius","family":"Gra\u017eulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Protein\u2013DNA Interactions, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saul\u0117tekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergey","family":"Belyakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Physical Organic Chemistry, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5427-0175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Visvaldas","family":"Kairys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saul\u0117tekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9961-2941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vytautas","family":"Mickevi\u010dius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvil\u0117n\u0173 pl. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5996-1883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asta","family":"Zubrien\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saul\u0117tekio 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6178-6276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daumantas","family":"Matulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saul\u0117tekio 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1933.sp003077","article-title":"Carbonic anhydrase. 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