{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T03:14:43Z","timestamp":1792293283013,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":242,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003093","name":"Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia for Fundamental Research Grant Scheme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FRGS\/1\/2019\/SKK08\/USM\/01\/2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2019\/SKK08\/USM\/01\/2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years, the idea that Vitamin C (Vit-C) could be utilized as a form of anti-cancer therapy has generated many contradictory arguments. Recent insights into the physiological characteristics of Vit-C, its pharmacokinetics, and results from preclinical reports, however, suggest that high-dose Vit-C could be effectively utilized in the management of various tumor types. Studies have shown that the pharmacological action of Vit-C can attack various processes that cancerous cells use for their growth and development. Here, we discuss the anti-cancer functions of Vit-C, but also the potential for the use of Vit-C as an epigenetic regulator and immunotherapy enhancer. We also provide a short overview of the current state of systems for scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially in the context of their influencing high-dose Vit-C toxicity for the inhibition of cancer growth. Even though the mechanisms of Vit-C action are promising, they need to be supported with robust randomized and controlled clinical trials. Moreover, upcoming studies should focus on how to define the most suitable cancer patient populations for high-dose Vit-C treatments and develop effective strategies that combine Vit-C with various concurrent cancer treatment regimens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15060711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T10:33:01Z","timestamp":1654252381000},"page":"711","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["High-Dose Vitamin C for Cancer Therapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1116-7362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Mussa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Omdurman Islamic University,  Omdurman 14415, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ros Akmal","family":"Mohd Idris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1504-1705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naveed","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suhana","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8580-9578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad Hafiz","family":"Murtadha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3265-1679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tengku Ahmad Damitri Al Astani","family":"Tengku Din","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan Yean","family":"Yean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9280-4257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wan Faiziah","family":"Wan Abdul Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2367-1814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norhafiza","family":"Mat Lazim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3256-1606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vuk","family":"Uskokovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TardigradeNano LLC., Irvine, CA 92604, USA"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1725-6702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khalid","family":"Hajissa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0349-4096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noor Fatmawati","family":"Mokhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2465-6421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohimah","family":"Mohamud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0493-1390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosline","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13685","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)36884-9","article-title":"Cloning and chromosomal mapping of the human 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