{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T14:16:45Z","timestamp":1793197005061,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]],"date-time":"2022-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004054","name":"the Deputyship for Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IFPRC-072-130-2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IFPRC-072-130-2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"King Abdulaziz University DSR, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","award":["IFPRC-072-130-2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IFPRC-072-130-2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The presence of antimicrobial-resistance genes (ARGs) in mobile genetic elements (MGEs) facilitates the rapid development and dissemination of multidrug-resistant bacteria, which represents a serious problem for human health. This is a One Health study which aims to investigate the co-occurrence of antimicrobial resistance determinants among clinical and environmental isolates of K. pneumoniae and E. coli. Various bioinformatics tools were used to elucidate the bacterial strains\u2019 ID, resistome, virulome, MGEs, and phylogeny for 42 isolates obtained from hospitalized patients (n = 20) and environmental sites (including fresh vegetables, fruits, and drinking water) (n = 22). The multilocus sequence typing (MLST) showed that K. pneumoniae belonged to ten sequence types (STs) while the E. coli belonged to seventeen STs. Multidrug-resistant isolates harbored \u03b2-lactam, aminoglycoside resistance determinants, and MGE were detected circulating in the environment (drinking water, fresh vegetables, and fruits) and in patients hospitalized with postoperative infections, neonatal sepsis, and urinary tract infection. Four K. pneumoniae environmental isolates (7E, 16EE, 1KE, and 19KE) were multidrug-resistant and were positive for different beta-lactam and aminoglycoside resistance determinants. blaCTX-M-15 in brackets of ISEc 9 and Tn 3 transposases was detected in isolates circulating in the pediatrics unit of Soba hospital and the environment. This study documented the presence of bacterial isolates harboring a similar pattern of antimicrobial resistance determinants circulating in hospitals and environments. A rapid response is needed from stakeholders to initiate a program for infection prevention and control measures to detect such clones disseminated in the communities and hospitals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15081011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]],"date-time":"2022-08-17T22:53:30Z","timestamp":1660776810000},"page":"1011","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Co-Occurrence of \u03b2-Lactam and Aminoglycoside Resistance Determinants among Clinical and Environmental Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli: A Genomic Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2635-9383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hisham N.","family":"Altayb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2192-7932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hana S.","family":"Elbadawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Soba University Hospital, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11115, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0441-4000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faisal A.","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Embryonic Stem Cells Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Othman","family":"Baothman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1881-5219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imran","family":"Kazmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4112-0925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Shahid","family":"Nadeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0639-1618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salman","family":"Hosawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamel","family":"Chaieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environmental and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2014). 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