{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:43:13Z","timestamp":1790959393564,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20221202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20221202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M2022105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M2022105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BJ2020074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BJ2020074"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key project Foundation of Jiangsu health and Health Committee","award":["BK20221202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20221202"]}]},{"name":"Key project Foundation of Jiangsu health and Health Committee","award":["M2022105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M2022105"]}]},{"name":"Key project Foundation of Jiangsu health and Health Committee","award":["BJ2020074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BJ2020074"]}]},{"name":"Wuxi Taihu Talent Plan","award":["BK20221202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20221202"]}]},{"name":"Wuxi Taihu Talent Plan","award":["M2022105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M2022105"]}]},{"name":"Wuxi Taihu Talent Plan","award":["BJ2020074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BJ2020074"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>How to enhance the bioavailability and prolong the residence time of drugs in the eye present the major barriers to traditional eye delivery. Nanotechnology has been widely used in ocular drug delivery systems because of its advantages of minimizing adverse reactions, decreasing the frequency of administration, prolonging the release time, and improving the bioavailability of the drug in the eye. As natural product-based nanostructured systems, bioinspired nanostructured systems have presented as less toxic, easy to prepare, and cost-effective and have potential application value in the field of nanotechnology. A systematic classification of bioinspired nanostructured systems based on their inspiration source and formulation and their brief applications in disease are presented here. A review of recent research progress of the bioinspired nanostructured systems for the treatment of the anterior and posterior segment of ocular disorders is then presented in detail. Finally, current challenges and future directions with regard to manufacturing bioinspired nanomaterials are provided.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16010096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T02:27:12Z","timestamp":1673317632000},"page":"96","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Research Progress of Bioinspired Nanostructured Systems for the Treatment of Ocular Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi Second People\u2019s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinyan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi Second People\u2019s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingyu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi Second People\u2019s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhifeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi Second People\u2019s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi 214002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4205","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14024","article-title":"Principles of Pharmacology in the Eye","volume":"174","author":"Awwad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. 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