{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:54:59Z","timestamp":1760147699438,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CACMS Innovation Fund","award":["CI2021A01206","ZZ11-023","Z191100006619063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI2021A01206","ZZ11-023","Z191100006619063"]}]},{"name":"Innovative Funding for PhD Students at China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","award":["CI2021A01206","ZZ11-023","Z191100006619063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI2021A01206","ZZ11-023","Z191100006619063"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central public welfare research institutes","award":["CI2021A01206","ZZ11-023","Z191100006619063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI2021A01206","ZZ11-023","Z191100006619063"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal of Science and Technology Major Project","award":["CI2021A01206","ZZ11-023","Z191100006619063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI2021A01206","ZZ11-023","Z191100006619063"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors and calcium channel blockers (CCB) are often used together in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in order to explore better subtypes of CCB for the treatment of CKD. This meta-analysis of 12 RCTs with 967 CKD patients who were treated with RAS inhibitors demonstrated that, when compared with L-type CCB, N-\/T-type CCB was superior in reducing urine albumin\/protein excretion (SMD, \u22120.41; 95% CI, \u22120.64 to \u22120.18; p &lt; 0.001) and aldosterone, without influencing serum creatinine (WMD, \u22123.64; 95% CI, \u221211.63 to 4.35; p = 0.37), glomerular filtration rate (SMD, 0.06; 95% CI, \u22120.13 to 0.25; p = 0.53), and adverse effects (RR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.35 to 2.58; p = 0.93). In addition, N-\/T-type CCB did not decrease the systolic blood pressure (BP) (WMD, 0.17; 95% CI, \u22121.05 to 1.39; p = 0.79) or diastolic BP (WMD, 0.64; 95% CI, \u22120.55 to 1.83; p = 0.29) when compared with L-type CCB. In CKD patients treated with RAS inhibitors, N-\/T-type CCB is more effective than L-type CCB in reducing urine albumin\/protein excretion without increased serum creatinine, decreased glomerular filtration rate, and increased adverse effects. The additional benefit is independent of BP and may be associated with decreased aldosterone (PROSPERO, CRD42020197560).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16030338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T02:28:57Z","timestamp":1677119337000},"page":"338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["N-\/T-Type vs. L-Type Calcium Channel Blocker in Treating Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5513-1305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingming","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China"},{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiyu","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China"},{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9775-0294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sijia","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meiying","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiao","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shunxuan","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China"},{"name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4336-0255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuejun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Aged Care Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China"},{"name":"NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32064-5","article-title":"Chronic Kidney Disease","volume":"389","author":"Webster","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-8871-2_1","article-title":"Prevalence and Disease Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease","volume":"1165","author":"Lv","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ren. 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