{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T03:58:09Z","timestamp":1790827089973,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,7]],"date-time":"2023-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018\/24077-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018\/24077-6"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HCFMUSP-LIM50"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HCFMUSP-LIM50"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["2018\/24077-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018\/24077-6"]}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["HCFMUSP-LIM50"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HCFMUSP-LIM50"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, which causes different clinical manifestations. Drugs currently used in the treatment such as pentavalent antimonial and amphotericin B cause severe side effects in patients, and parasite resistance has been reported. Thus, it is necessary and urgent to characterize new and effective alternative drugs to replace the current chemotherapy of leishmaniasis. In this regard, it has been experimentally demonstrated that quinoline derivatives present significative pharmacological and parasitic properties. Thus, the aim of this work was to demonstrate the leishmanicidal activity of 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) in vitro and in vivo. The leishmanicidal activity (in vitro) of 8-HQ was assayed on promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of L. (L.) amazonensis, L. (L.) infantum chagasi, L. (V.) guyanensis L. (V.) naiffi, L. (V.) lainsoni, and L. (V.) shawi. Additionally, the levels of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide were analyzed. The therapeutic potential of 8-HQ was analyzed in BALB\/c mice infected with a strain of L. (L.) amazonensis that causes anergic cutaneous diffuse leishmaniasis. In vitro data showed that at 24 and 72 h, 8-HQ eliminated promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of all studied species and this effect may be potentialized by nitric oxide. Furthermore, 8-HQ was more selective than miltefosine. Infected animals treated with 8-HQ by the intralesional route dramatically reduced the number of tissue parasites in the skin, and it was associated with an increase in IFN-\u03b3 and decrease in IL-4, which correlated with a reduction in inflammatory reaction in the skin. These results strongly support the idea that 8-HQ is an alternative molecule that can be employed in the treatment of leishmaniasis, given its selectivity and multispectral action in parasites from the Leishmania genus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16050707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T03:00:28Z","timestamp":1683514828000},"page":"707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["High Selectivity of 8-Hydroxyquinoline on Leishmania (Leishmania) and Leishmania (Viannia) Species Correlates with a Potent Therapeutic Activity In Vivo"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0570-2509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah Kymberly Santos de","family":"Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Pra\u00e7a Infante Dom Henrique, s\/n, S\u00e3o Vicente 11330-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of S\u00e3o Paulo University, S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9ssica Adriana","family":"Jesus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Pra\u00e7a Infante Dom Henrique, s\/n, S\u00e3o Vicente 11330-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiano","family":"Raminelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Ambientais, Qu\u00edmicas e Farmac\u00eauticas, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Diadema 09920-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1080-2440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rcia Dalastra","family":"Laurenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of S\u00e3o Paulo University, S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5986-6381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Felipe Domingues","family":"Passero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Pra\u00e7a Infante Dom Henrique, s\/n, S\u00e3o Vicente 11330-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Studies of Ocean, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Jo\u00e3o Francisco Bensdorp, 1178, S\u00e3o Vicente 11350-011, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2019.10.008","article-title":"Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Great Imitator","volume":"38","author":"Gurel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. 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