{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T19:10:29Z","timestamp":1786734629415,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007300","name":"China Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-111-080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-111-080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007300","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007300","name":"China Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-112-100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-112-100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007300","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007300","name":"China Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 111-2320-B-039-022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 111-2320-B-039-022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007300","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006245","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-111-080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-111-080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006245","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-112-100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-112-100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006245","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 111-2320-B-039-022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 111-2320-B-039-022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The treatment of hyperuricemia and gout is mostly based on lowering serum uric acid levels using drugs, such as allopurinol, or increasing urinary excretion of uric acid. However, some patients still experience adverse reactions to allopurinol and turn to Chinese medicine as an alternative. Therefore, it is crucial to design a preclinical study to obtain more convincing data on the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout with Chinese medicine. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effect of emodin, a Chinese herbal extract, in a rat model of hyperuricemia and gout. In this study, we used 36 Sprague\u2013Dawley rats, which were randomly divided into six groups for experimentation. Hyperuricemia was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injections of potassium oxonate. The efficacy of emodin in reducing serum uric acid levels was demonstrated by comparing the positive control group with groups treated with three different concentrations of emodin. The inflammatory profiles, including interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 levels, were unaffected by emodin treatment. In the experimental results, it was observed that the serum uric acid concentration in the vehicle control group was 1.80 \u00b1 1.14, while the concentrations in the moderate and high concentration emodin groups were 1.18 \u00b1 0.23 and 1.12 \u00b1 0.57, resulting in no significant difference in uric acid concentration between these treatment groups and the control group, indicating that emodin has a therapeutic effect on hyperuricemia. The increase in the fractional excretion of uric acid (FEUA) demonstrated that emodin promoted urinary uric acid excretion without significantly affecting the inflammatory profile. Thus, emodin reduced the serum uric acid concentration to achieve effective treatment of hyperuricemia and gout by increasing urinary excretion. These results were supported by the measured serum uric acid and FEUA levels. Our data have potential implications for the treatment of gout and other types of hyperuricemia in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16060789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]],"date-time":"2023-05-26T02:05:44Z","timestamp":1685066744000},"page":"789","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Emodin, a Natural Anthraquinone, Increases Uric Acid Excretion in Rats with Potassium Oxonate-Induced Hyperuricemia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Shen-Wei","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Szu-Ju","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing-Dung","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung 411, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huey-Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medical Research, Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Han","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kee-Ming","family":"Man","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Health Applications, College of Biotechnology and Bioresources, Da Yeh University, Changhua 515, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu 302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2896-1666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Po-Len","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Yen","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"},{"name":"Kaohsiung Municipal Feng Shan Hospital\u2014Under the Management of Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Kaohsiung 830, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8756-5113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yung-Hsiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medical Research, Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6333-1638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Chi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medical Research, Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, T., Gao, H., Zhang, Y., Wang, S., Lu, M., Dai, X., Liu, Y., Shi, H., Xu, T., and Yin, J. 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