{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T17:28:58Z","timestamp":1787678938911,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Scientific research of traditional Chinese medicine in Henan province","award":["2023ZY2045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZY2045"]}]},{"name":"Scientific research of traditional Chinese medicine in Henan province","award":["22JCQN008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22JCQN008"]}]},{"name":"Henan Eye Hospital Basic Science Research Program","award":["2023ZY2045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZY2045"]}]},{"name":"Henan Eye Hospital Basic Science Research Program","award":["22JCQN008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22JCQN008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Osthole (OST), a natural coumarin compound, has shown a significant inhibitory effect on corneal neovascularization (CNV). But, its effect on treating CNV is restricted by its water insolubility. To overcome this limitation, an OST-loaded microemulsion (OST-ME) was created to improve the drug\u2019s therapeutic effect on CNV after topical administration. The OST-ME formulation comprised Capryol-90 (CP-90), Cremophor\u00ae EL (EL-35), Transcutol-P (TSP) and water, and sodium hyaluronate (SH) was also included to increase viscosity. The OST-ME had a droplet size of 16.18 \u00b1 0.02 nm and a low polydispersity index (0.09 \u00b1 0.00). In vitro drug release from OST-ME fitted well to the Higuchi release kinetics model. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that OST-ME was not notably toxic to human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs), and the formulation had no irritation to rabbit eyes. Ocular pharmacokinetics studies showed that the areas under the concentration\u2013time curves (AUC0-t) in the cornea and conjunctiva were 19.74 and 63.96 \u03bcg\/g*min after the administration of OST-ME, both of which were 28.2- and 102.34-fold higher than those after the administration of OST suspension (OST-Susp). Moreover, OST-ME (0.1%) presented a similar therapeutic effect to commercially available dexamethasone eye drops (0.025%) on CNV in mouse models. In conclusion, the optimized OST-ME exhibited good tolerance and enhanced 28.2- and 102.34-fold bioavailability in the cornea and conjunctiva tissues compared with suspensions in rabbit eyes. The OST-ME is a potential ocular drug delivery for anti-CNV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16101342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T10:36:26Z","timestamp":1695551786000},"page":"1342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Development of Osthole-Loaded Microemulsions as a Prospective Ocular Delivery System for the Treatment of Corneal Neovascularization: In Vitro and In Vivo Assessments"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yali","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People\u2019s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinjian","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People\u2019s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People\u2019s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32137","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32137","article-title":"Factors regulating capillary remodeling in a reversible model of inflammatory corneal angiogenesis","volume":"6","author":"Mukwaya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. 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