{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T13:20:15Z","timestamp":1773667215341,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21-13-00078"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-13-00078"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The toxicity of local anesthetics is a serious problem, given their widespread use. One of the main causes of the side effects of local anesthetics is their non-selectivity of action in the body. A possible way to increase the selectivity of the action of drugs is to use the photopharmacology approach. Previously, we described the light-controlled local anesthetic ethercaine, the biological effect of which can be controlled using light, thereby increasing its selectivity of action. An important limitation of ethercaine was its low solubility in water, limiting the potential of this compound. In this work, we developed a dosage form of ethercaine, which allowed us to increase its solubility from 0.6% to 2% or more. The resulting 1% solution of ethercaine hydrochloride in 4% Kolliphor ELP had high biological activity on the surface anesthesia model, while demonstrating low acute toxicity in mice with intravenous administration (4\u20135 times less than that of lidocaine).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16101398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T11:56:49Z","timestamp":1696247809000},"page":"1398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Development of a Dosage form for a Photoswitchable Local Anesthetic Ethercaine"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2245-4946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexey","family":"Noev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute \u2014 the Branch of the FSBI \u201cNational Medical Research Radiological Centre\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky pr. 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Morozova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute \u2014 the Branch of the FSBI \u201cNational Medical Research Radiological Centre\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky pr. 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikita","family":"Suvorov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuriy","family":"Vasil\u2019ev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya St. Bldg. 8\/2, 119435 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrei","family":"Pankratov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute \u2014 the Branch of the FSBI \u201cNational Medical Research Radiological Centre\u201d of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky pr. 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikhail","family":"Grin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"110","article-title":"Quality of Life and Pain","volume":"3","author":"Soyuer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Fam. 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