{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T09:47:27Z","timestamp":1774432047049,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,11]],"date-time":"2024-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) causes both physical and psychological problems to women and their partners. Recently, vaginal radiofrequency (RF) application, as well as the administration of non-crosslinked hyaluronic acid (NCLHA) together with calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA), has attracted attention for SUI treatment. The current, comparative study evaluated the efficacy and safety of these technologies acting separately and in a combined treatment. Methods: Sixty women with mild to moderate SUI, aged between 46 and 76 years (mean age 63.2) were divided into three groups intended for different treatments: group I, RF vaginal treatment only, group II, NCLHA plus CaHA periurethral injection only, group III, combined treatment including a single periurethral injection of NCLHA plus CaHA followed by four vaginal applications of RF at intervals of 3\u20135 days. The clinical effects of the treatments were evaluated by ICIQ-LUTSqol (Polish version) and UDI-6. Results: The obtained results suggest that the symptoms of SUI and the quality of life of the patients improved significantly in each group after the therapies compared to the pre-treatment levels and were more persistent in the third HA + RF group compared to the HA or the RF group.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17050622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T08:59:37Z","timestamp":1715677177000},"page":"622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Bipolar Radiofrequency and Non-Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid Plus Calcium Hydroxyapatite in the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0855-6471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Kolczewski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariusz","family":"\u0141ukaszuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novique-Aesthetic and Anti-Aging Medicine Private Clinic, 80-255 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aneta","family":"Cymbaluk-P\u0142oska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1176-2153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Koz\u0142owski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9586-5810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylwester","family":"Cie\u0107wie\u017c","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Endocrinology and Gynecologic Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Perinatology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. Siedlecka 2, 72-010 Police, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafa\u0142","family":"Ku\u017alik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaskaMed Clinic, ul. Jana Nowaka-Jezioranskiego 48, 03-994 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Zerbinati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(02)02243-4","article-title":"The standardisation of terminology in lower urinary tract function: Report from the standardisation sub-committee of the International Continence Society","volume":"61","author":"Abrams","year":"2003","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000051895.28240.12","article-title":"Sphincteric urinary incontinence: Relationship of vesical leak point pressure, urethral mobility and severity of incontinence","volume":"169","author":"Fleischmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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