{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T09:03:59Z","timestamp":1790413439381,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Vedeck\u00e1 grantov\u00e1 agent\u00fara M\u0160VVaM SR a SAV","award":["VEGA 1\/0302\/24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 1\/0302\/24"]}]},{"name":"Vedeck\u00e1 grantov\u00e1 agent\u00fara M\u0160VVaM SR a SAV","award":["VEGA 2\/0078\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 2\/0078\/22"]}]},{"name":"Vedeck\u00e1 grantov\u00e1 agent\u00fara M\u0160VVaM SR a SAV","award":["APVV-22-0313"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APVV-22-0313"]}]},{"name":"Vedeck\u00e1 grantov\u00e1 agent\u00fara M\u0160VVaM SR a SAV","award":["APVV-22-0133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APVV-22-0133"]}]},{"name":"Vedeck\u00e1 grantov\u00e1 agent\u00fara M\u0160VVaM SR a SAV","award":["APVV-22-0101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APVV-22-0101"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005357","name":"Slovak Research and Development Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VEGA 1\/0302\/24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 1\/0302\/24"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005357","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005357","name":"Slovak Research and Development Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VEGA 2\/0078\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 2\/0078\/22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005357","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005357","name":"Slovak Research and Development Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APVV-22-0313"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APVV-22-0313"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005357","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005357","name":"Slovak Research and Development Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APVV-22-0133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APVV-22-0133"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005357","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005357","name":"Slovak Research and Development Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APVV-22-0101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APVV-22-0101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005357","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nowadays, lipidomics plays a crucial role in the investigation of novel biomarkers of various diseases. Its implementation into the field of clinical analysis led to the identification of specific lipids and\/or significant changes in their plasma levels in patients suffering from cancer, Alzheimer\u2019s disease, sepsis, and many other diseases and pathological conditions. Profiling of lipids and determination of their plasma concentrations could also be helpful in the case of drug therapy management, especially in combination with therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Here, for the first time, a combined approach based on the TDM of colistin, a last-resort antibiotic, and lipidomic profiling is presented in a case study of a critically ill male patient suffering from Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced pneumonia. Implementation of innovative analytical approaches for TDM (online combination of capillary electrophoresis with tandem mass spectrometry, CZE-MS\/MS) and lipidomics (liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry, LC-MS\/MS) was demonstrated. The CZE-MS\/MS strategy confirmed the chosen colistin drug dosing regimen, leading to stable colistin concentrations in plasma samples. The determined colistin concentrations in plasma samples reached the required minimal inhibitory concentration of 1 \u03bcg\/mL. The complex lipidomics approach led to monitoring 545 lipids in collected patient plasma samples during and after the therapy. Some changes in specific individual lipids were in good agreement with previous lipidomics studies dealing with sepsis. The presented case study represents a good starting point for identifying particular individual lipids that could correlate with antimicrobial and inflammation therapeutic management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17060753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T08:05:17Z","timestamp":1717747517000},"page":"753","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Implementation of Modern Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Lipidomics Approaches in Clinical Practice: A Case Study with Colistin Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1110-7666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivana","family":"Gerhardtova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia"},{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Cizmarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia"},{"name":"Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6685-877X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timotej","family":"Jankech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia"},{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6840-5248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominika","family":"Olesova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia"},{"name":"Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center SAS, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2003-9052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josef","family":"Jampilek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia"},{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vojtech","family":"Parrak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia"},{"name":"Clinic of Hematology and Transfusiology, St. Cyril and Methodius Hospital, Antolska 11, 851 07 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Nemergutova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Hematology and Transfusiology, St. Cyril and Methodius Hospital, Antolska 11, 851 07 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ladislav","family":"Sopko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Hematology and Transfusiology, St. Cyril and Methodius Hospital, Antolska 11, 851 07 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4736-4592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juraj","family":"Piestansky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia"},{"name":"Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia"},{"name":"Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3223-8705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrej","family":"Kovac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komensk\u00e9ho 68\/73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02724-0","article-title":"Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: A systematic analysis","volume":"399","author":"Murray","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feretzakis, G., Loupelis, E., Sakagianni, A., Skarmoutsou, N., Michelidou, S., Velentza, A., Martsoukou, M., Valakis, K., Petropoulou, S., and Koutalas, E. 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