{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T17:10:44Z","timestamp":1788282644825,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare and progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by irreversible distortion of lung architecture and subsequent loss of pulmonary function. Pirfenidone is an antifibrotic agent associated with increased progression-free survival and overall survival rates, but it carries multiple side effects. The aim of the study was to examine the efficacy and safety profile of pirfenidone in a real-life context, with a focus on the concomitant use of antithrombotic and\/or anticoagulant treatments. The clinical and functional data (forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1], diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide [DLCO], and 6 min walking test distance [6MWD]) of all IPF patients treated with pirfenidone and referred to our two centers between 2019 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed at baseline, 6 and 12 months after the start of treatment. A total of 55 IPF subjects undergoing pirfenidone treatment were included in the analysis (45.5% females, median [IQR] age at disease onset 68.0 [10.0] years, median [IQR] age at baseline 69.0 [10.8] years). Compared to baseline, at 12 months, FVC (86.0% vs. 80.0%; p = 0.023) and DLCO (44.0% vs. 40.0%; p = 0.002) were significantly reduced, while FEV1 (p = 0.304) and 6MWD (p = 0.276) remained stable; no significant change was recorded at 6 months. Most of the reported adverse events were mild or moderate. Gastrointestinal intolerance (9.1%) was the main cause of treatment discontinuation. A total of 5% of patients reported at least one minor bleeding event, although all episodes occurred in those receiving concomitant antithrombotic or anticoagulant. Overall, this real-life experience confirms the efficacy and safety profile of pirfenidone in the case of the concomitant use of antithrombotic and\/or anticoagulant drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17070930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T16:23:41Z","timestamp":1720801421000},"page":"930","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Pirfenidone in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Real-World Observation on Efficacy and Safety, Focus on Patients Undergoing Antithrombotic and Anticoagulant"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5792-3655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicol\u00f2","family":"Reccardini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Cattinara, 34149 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Chernovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Cattinara, 34149 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0864-9766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Salton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Cattinara, 34149 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7284-5016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Confalonieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Cattinara, 34149 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7043-9639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucrezia","family":"Mondini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Cattinara, 34149 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariangela","family":"Barbieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Cattinara, 34149 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Romallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Cattinara, 34149 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Maggisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Cattinara, 34149 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9110-3029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Torregiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Cattinara, 34149 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Geri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Cattinara, 34149 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3361-4909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Healt, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M6 8HD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6806-3794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corrado","family":"Campochiaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4791-768X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Confalonieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Cattinara, 34149 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, 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