{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T22:05:51Z","timestamp":1789164351167,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Team and Talent Support Program Project from National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine","award":["ZYYCXTDD-202207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZYYCXTDD-202207"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Crocetin is an aglycone of crocin naturally occurring in saffron and has been proved to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. In this experiment, the protective effect of crocetin on vital organs in high-altitude hypoxia rats was studied. Crocetin was prepared from gardenia by the alkaline hydrolysis method, and its reducing ability and free radical scavenging ability were tested. The in vitro anti-hypoxia vitality was studied on PC12 cells. The anti-hypoxic survival time of mice was determined in several models. The acute hypoxic injury rat model was established by simulating the hypoxic environment of 8000 m-high altitude for 24 h, and the anti-hypoxia effect of crocetin was evaluated by intraperitoneal injection with the doses of 10, 20, and 40 mg\/kg. The water contents of the brain and lung were determined, and the pathological sections in the brain, lung, heart, liver, and kidney were observed by HE staining. The levels of oxidative stress (SOD, CAT, H2O2, GSH, GSH-Px, MDA) and inflammatory factors (IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, TNF-\u03b1, VEGF) in rat brain, lung, heart, liver, and kidney tissues were detected by ELISA. The results indicated that crocetin exhibited strong reducing ability and free radical scavenging ability and could improve the activity of PC12 cells under hypoxia. After intraperitoneal injection with crocetin, the survival time of mice was prolonged, and the pathological damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation in rats\u2019 tissue were ameliorated. The protective activity of crocetin on vital organs in high-altitude hypoxia rats may be related to reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammatory response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17080985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T11:43:44Z","timestamp":1721907824000},"page":"985","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evaluation of Crocetin as a Protective Agent in High Altitude Hypoxia-Induced Organ Damage"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziliang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingyuan","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhe","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maoxing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China"},{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing 100850, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China"},{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing 100850, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-024-00532-y","article-title":"Altitude illnesses","volume":"10","author":"Ulrich","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. 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