{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T18:14:02Z","timestamp":1793038442129,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Health and Medical Research Fund","award":["19180782"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19180782"]}]},{"name":"Health and Medical Research Fund","award":["22210782"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22210782"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Silver nanoparticles have unique physical, chemical, and biological properties that make them attractive for medical applications. They have gained attention in dentistry for their potential use in caries management. This study reviews the different synthesis methods of silver nanoparticles and the application of them for caries management. Silver nanoparticles are tiny silver and are typically less than 100 nanometres in size. They have a high surface area-to-volume ratio, making them highly reactive and allowing them to interact with bacteria and other materials at the molecular level. Silver nanoparticles have low toxicity and biocompatibility. Researchers have employed various methods to synthesise silver nanoparticles, including chemical, physical, and biological methods. By controlling the process, silver nanoparticles have defined sizes, shapes, and surface properties for wide use. Silver nanoparticles exhibit strong antibacterial properties, capable of inhibiting a broad range of bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant strains. They inhibit the growth of cariogenic bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans. They can disrupt bacterial cell membranes, interfere with enzyme activity, and inhibit bacterial replication. Silver nanoparticles can inhibit biofilm formation, reducing the risk of caries development. Additionally, nano silver fluoride prevents dental caries by promoting tooth remineralisation. They can interact with the tooth structure and enhance the deposition of hydroxyapatite, aiding in repairing early-stage carious lesions. Silver nanoparticles can also be incorporated into dental restorative materials such as composite resins and glass ionomer cements. The incorporation can enhance the material\u2019s antibacterial properties, reducing the risk of secondary caries and improving the longevity of the restoration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17101264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T16:16:37Z","timestamp":1727280997000},"page":"1264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Synthesis and Application of Silver Nanoparticles for Caries Management: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1167-2999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iris Xiaoxue","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9084-4001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veena Wenqing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace Yuchan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5310-5039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ollie Yiru","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3471-180X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Yun","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8167-0430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun Hung","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1159\/000488948","article-title":"Caries and periodontitis: Contesting the conventional wisdom on their aetiology","volume":"52","author":"Manji","year":"2018","journal-title":"Caries Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31146-8","article-title":"Oral diseases: A global public health challenge","volume":"394","author":"Peres","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niu, J.Y., Yin, I.X., Wu, W.K.K., Li, Q.-L., Mei, M.L., and Chu, C.H. 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