{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:01:42Z","timestamp":1790355702492,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)"},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)"},{"name":"Para\u00edba State Research Support Foundation (FAPESQ, Contrapartida edital n\u00ba 38\/2022)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Cadmium (Cd), a highly toxic heavy metal from agricultural activities, and its exposure can lead to impaired renal function by increasing reactive oxygen species. The atemoya fruit is known for its high phenolic and antioxidant compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of atemoya extracts on renal function, oxidative stress parameters, and inflammatory biomarkers in a cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity model. Methods: Three aqueous extracts were prepared from different parts of the atemoya fruit: seeds, peel, and pulp. Twenty-five male Wistar rats were allocated into four groups: control, seed, peel, and pulp extracts at 2 g\/kg for 25 days. All treatment groups administered intraperitoneal injections of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) (2 mg\/kg) to induce renal damage. Results: The cadmium-treated groups showed decreased creatinine clearance, SOD, CAT, and GPx activities (p &lt; 0.05) and increased serum levels of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-6 compared to the control group (p &lt; 0.05). The treatment with seed, peel, and pulp extracts increased creatinine clearance (p &lt; 0.05), increased SOD, CAT, and GPx activities (p &lt; 0.05), and reduced serum levels of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-6 compared to the Cd group (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: This study supports the use of atemoya as a promising candidate for mitigating nephrotoxicity and highlights the importance of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in renal health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17101393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T06:46:52Z","timestamp":1729234012000},"page":"1393","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Protective Effects of Annona Atemoya Extracts on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Renal Function in Cadmium-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1345-9705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre Coelho","family":"Serquiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana de Angelis da Costa","family":"Barros Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Graduate Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte\u2014UFRN, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naisandra Bezerra da Silva","family":"Farias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Graduate Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte\u2014UFRN, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6752-6056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denise","family":"Mafra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biological Sciences\u2014Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietra Maria","family":"Pereira de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniella","family":"de Oliveira Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Priscila Barbosa","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Graduate Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte\u2014UFRN, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4696-3809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luiz","family":"de Brito Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-031620-091656","article-title":"Function of Renal Nerves in Kidney Physiology and Pathophysiology","volume":"83","author":"Osborn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annu. 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