{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:32:22Z","timestamp":1760146342747,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]],"date-time":"2024-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Beeswax alcohol (BWA; Raydel\u00ae) is a blend of six long-chain aliphatic alcohols extracted from honeybee wax and is well known for its diverse functionality and health benefits. Herein, the efficacy of a BWA dietary intervention for 20 weeks was assessed to ameliorate high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-induced dyslipidemia and adverse effects on the vital organs of adult zebrafish. Methods: Adult zebrafish were fed different high-cholesterol diets (HCDs; final concentration of 4%, w\/w) supplemented with BWA (final concentrations of 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0%, w\/w) or CoQ10 (final concentration of 1.0%). Following 20 weeks of supplementation, blood and different organs (liver, kidney, testes and ovaries) were collected, and biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Results: The results demonstrate a dose-dependent effect of BWA of mitigating HCD-induced mortality in zebrafish over the 20-week supplementation period, which was noticeably better than the effect exerted by coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). Consistently, a dose-dependent effect of BWA consumption of curtailing HCD-induced total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels and increasing high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels was noticed. Compared with CoQ10 (final concentration of 1.0%, w\/w), BWA (final concentration of 1.0%, w\/w) displayed a significantly better effect of mitigating HCD-induced dyslipidemia, as evidenced by 1.2-fold (p &lt; 0.05) and 2.0-fold (p &lt; 0.05) lower TC and TG levels and 2.4-fold (p &lt; 0.01) higher HDL-C levels. The histological analysis revealed substantial prevention of fatty liver changes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cellular senescence and interleukin (IL)-6 production in the hepatic tissue of BWA zebrafish, which was significantly better than the effect exerted by CoQ10. Consistently, compared with CoQ10, significant 25% (p &lt; 0.05) and 35% (p &lt; 0.01) reductions in the HCD-induced elevated levels of the hepatic function biomarkers aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase was observed in the BWA group. Likewise, BWA consumption efficiently ameliorated HCD-induced kidney, ovary and testis damage by inhibiting ROS generation, cellular senescence and lipid accumulation. Conclusion: Supplementation with BWA demonstrated higher therapeutic potential than that with CoQ10 to prevent dyslipidemia and organ damage associated with long-term consumption of HCDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17111434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T04:15:02Z","timestamp":1730088902000},"page":"1434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Twenty-Week Dietary Supplementation with Beeswax Alcohol (BWA; Raydel\u00ae) Ameliorates High-Cholesterol-Induced Long-Term Dyslipidemia and Organ Damage in Hyperlipidemic Zebrafish in a Dose-Dependent Manner: A Comparative Analysis Between BWA and Coenzyme Q10"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1198-4140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyung-Hyun","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Raydel Research Institute, Medical Innovation Complex, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashutosh","family":"Bahuguna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Raydel Research Institute, Medical Innovation Complex, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunki","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Raydel Research Institute, Medical Innovation Complex, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang Hyuk","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Raydel Research Institute, Medical Innovation Complex, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji-Eun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Raydel Research Institute, Medical Innovation Complex, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Bradbear, N. 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