{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T02:57:14Z","timestamp":1789959434860,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","award":["RSPD2024R628"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSPD2024R628"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Eucalyptus globulus is a medicinal plant extensively used by the Moroccan population for treating a range of illnesses, especially respiratory conditions. Methods: This study aimed to assess the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of E. globulus essential oil and its individual fractions (F1, F2, and F3). Antioxidant activity was evaluated through iron-reducing power, 2,2\u2032-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. Antibacterial activity was tested using disk diffusion and dilution methods, supported by molecular docking studies. Furthermore, GC\u2013MS analysis was conducted on the essential oil and its individual fractions. Results: GC\u2013MS analysis identified the major compounds in the essential oil and its fractions as eucalyptol (62.32\u201342.60%), globulol (5.9\u201326.24%), o-cymene (6.89\u201324.35%), cryptone (7.10\u201315.95%), terpinen-4-ol (2.43\u201315.24%), and \u03b1-pinene (2.46\u20137.89%). Fraction F3 displayed the highest antioxidant activity in DPPH (IC50 = 3.329 \u00b1 0.054 mg\/mL) and ABTS assays (IC50 = 3.721 \u00b1 0.027 mg\/mL), while fraction F2 was most effective in the FRAP assay (IC50 = 1.054 \u00b1 0.008 mg\/mL). The essential oil and its fractions also showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Molecular docking further corroborated these findings, supporting both antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Conclusions: The present findings demonstrate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil and its fractions, underscoring the need for further research to confirm their medicinal potential and explore pharmaceutical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17111552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T07:51:15Z","timestamp":1732002675000},"page":"1552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["GC\u2013MS Characterization and Bioactivity Study of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. (Myrtaceae) Essential Oils and Their Fractions: Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties and Molecular Docking Modeling"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3129-127X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdessamad","family":"Ait benlabchir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2923-9299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kawtar","family":"Fikri-Benbrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Imouzzer Road, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9992-7898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amina","family":"Moutawalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Therapeutic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Medicineand Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10100, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0483-8113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed M.","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asma","family":"Halmoune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioactive, Health and Environment Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 11201, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima Zahra","family":"Benkhouili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Therapeutic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Medicineand Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10100, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asmaa","family":"Oubihi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra 14000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atul","family":"Kabra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elbatoul","family":"Hanoune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Agricultural Production Improvement, Biotechnology and Environment (LAPABE), Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda 60000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8318-157X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamza","family":"Assila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10100, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zineb Benziane","family":"Ouaritini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1527","article-title":"A Review on Phytochemical and Pharmacological of Eucalyptus globulus: A Multipurpose Tree","volume":"2","author":"Kumar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. 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