{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T02:21:20Z","timestamp":1792030880360,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":149,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"National Science and Technology Council of Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC-113-3111-Y-042A-007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC-113-3111-Y-042A-007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (I-123 MIBG) is a crucial radiopharmaceutical widely used in nuclear medicine for its diagnostic capabilities in both cardiology and oncology. This review aims to present a comprehensive evaluation of the clinical applications of I-123 MIBG, focusing on its use in diagnosing and managing various diseases. In cardiology, I-123 MIBG has proven invaluable in assessing cardiac sympathetic innervation, particularly in patients with heart failure, where it provides prognostic information that guides treatment strategies. In oncology, I-123 MIBG is primarily utilized for imaging neuroendocrine tumors, such as neuroblastoma and pheochromocytoma, where it offers high specificity and sensitivity in the detection of adrenergic tissue. Additionally, its role in neurology, specifically in differentiating between Parkinson\u2019s disease, dementia, and Lewy body dementia, has become increasingly significant due to its ability to identify postganglionic sympathetic dysfunction. Despite its established clinical utility, the use of I-123 MIBG is not without limitations, including variability in imaging protocols and interpretation challenges. This review will explore these issues and discuss emerging alternatives, while also highlighting areas where I-123 MIBG continues to be a gold standard. By synthesizing the current research, this article aims to provide a clear understanding of the strengths, limitations, and prospects of I-123 MIBG in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17121563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T12:25:42Z","timestamp":1732191942000},"page":"1563","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Iodine-123 Metaiodobenzylguanidine (I-123 MIBG) in Clinical Applications: A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8377-1796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-Cheng","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Isotope Research Application, National Atomic Research Institute, Taoyuan 325207, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Liang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Isotope Research Application, National Atomic Research Institute, Taoyuan 325207, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Tang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Isotope Research Application, National Atomic Research Institute, Taoyuan 325207, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Hsia","family":"Shih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Isotope Research Application, National Atomic Research Institute, Taoyuan 325207, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyun-Hong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Isotope Research Application, National Atomic Research Institute, Taoyuan 325207, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1442-0850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Jou","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100226, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8958-5222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying-Cheng","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100226, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 302058, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"583","article-title":"Denervated myocardium detected by I-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine myocardial imaging following successful percutaneous transluminal coronary thrombolysis","volume":"20","author":"Tanaka","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. 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