{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T22:16:43Z","timestamp":1789769803240,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)","award":["408613\/2023-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["408613\/2023-8"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an antimetabolite widely prescribed in cancer treatments, but its use in highly proliferative tissues can cause significant problems such as mucositis. Bacillus clausii is a probiotic commonly used for protection against acute diarrhea, gastrointestinal dysbiosis and inflammatory bowel diseases. We investigated the effect of B. clausii on 5-FU intestinal mucositis in mice. B. clausii was administered concomitantly with 5-FU on the first day and alone for the other two days. After the third day of 5-FU (450 mg\/kg, ip), the animals were euthanized. Ileum samples were removed for evaluation for histopathological and biochemical analyses (myeloperoxidase (MPO), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1\u03b2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1). In addition, we investigated gastric emptying and intestinal transit, intestinal permeability, intestinal smooth muscle contractility, transepithelial electrical resistance and intestinal transport of water and electrolytes. B. clausii reduced histopathological scores and increased the villus\/crypt ratio in all intestinal segments after mucositis. B. clausii attenuated 5-FU-induced weight loss. The probiotic treatment increased GSH levels, reduced MPO and CAT activity, and also reduced MDA, IL-1\u03b2 and TNF-\u03b1 levels. B. clausii attenuated the delay in gastric emptying, water and electrolyte secretion and intestinal hypercontractility, and increased 5-FU-induced intestinal permeability. Thus, our data suggest that B. clausii may be a potential candidate for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17121676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T06:29:30Z","timestamp":1733984970000},"page":"1676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Bacillus clausii Attenuates 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Intestinal Mucositis in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Francisco Ronaldo Farias","family":"Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Physio-Pharmacology (LEFFAG), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Te\u00f3filo, Fortaleza 60416-030, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Eduardo da Silva","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Physio-Pharmacology (LEFFAG), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Te\u00f3filo, Fortaleza 60416-030, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samara Rodrigues Bonfim","family":"Damasceno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Physio-Pharmacology (LEFFAG), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Te\u00f3filo, Fortaleza 60416-030, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4621-7059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia da Silva","family":"Pantoja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Physio-Pharmacology (LEFFAG), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Te\u00f3filo, Fortaleza 60416-030, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro Xavier","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Physio-Pharmacology (LEFFAG), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Te\u00f3filo, Fortaleza 60416-030, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renan Oliveira","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. da Engenharia-Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Recife 50670-420, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johnatan Alisson Oliveira","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Physio-Pharmacology (LEFFAG), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Te\u00f3filo, Fortaleza 60416-030, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1280-4343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago Santos","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Physio-Pharmacology (LEFFAG), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Te\u00f3filo, Fortaleza 60416-030, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos Aur\u00e9lio","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Physio-Pharmacology (LEFFAG), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Te\u00f3filo, Fortaleza 60416-030, CE, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia do Cear\u00e1-Campus Acopiara, Rodovia CE 060, Km 332, Vila Martins, Acopiara 63560-000, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscilla Fernanda Campos","family":"Justino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Physio-Pharmacology (LEFFAG), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Te\u00f3filo, Fortaleza 60416-030, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcellus Henrique Loiola Ponte","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Physio-Pharmacology (LEFFAG), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Te\u00f3filo, Fortaleza 60416-030, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro Marcos Gomes","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Physio-Pharmacology (LEFFAG), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Coronel Nunes de Melo Street, 1315 Rodolfo Te\u00f3filo, Fortaleza 60416-030, CE, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Morphology, Medical School, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Delmiro de Farias s\/n, Rodolfo Teofilo, Fortaleza 60416-030, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Basile, D., Di Nardo, P., Corvaja, C., Garattini, S.K., Pelizzari, G., Lisanti, C., and Gerratana, L. 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