{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:59:02Z","timestamp":1790913542587,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: (-)-Fenchone is a bicyclic monoterpene present in the plant species Foeniculum vulgare Mill, Thuja occidentalis L. (tuja), and Lavandula stoechas (lavender). These plants have therapeutic value in the treatment of intestinal disorders. Aim: To evaluate intestinal anti-inflammatory activity in an acute and chronic trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis model in rats. Methods: Intestinal anti-inflammatory effects were assessed using the acute and chronic TNBS-induced colitis model in rats. The mechanisms were evaluated from colonic tissue fragments of the acute and chronic models. Results: Oral administration of the (-)-fenchone (37.5\u2013300 mg\/kg) acute phase or (150 mg\/kg) (p &lt; 0.001) chronic phase reduced the macroscopic lesion score, ulcerative area, intestinal weight\/length ratio, and diarrheal index in TNBS-treated animals. At a dose of 150 mg\/kg, the acute and chronic phase decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) (p &lt; 0.001), restored glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p &lt; 0.001), decreased immunomarking for factor nuclear kappa B (NF-\u03baB) and levels of interleukin (IL)-1 and tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1), and maintained IL-10 and TGF-\u03b2 basal levels. Furthermore, increased immunostaining for zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) was observed. Conclusions: (-)-fenchone has intestinal anti-inflammatory activity related to cytoprotection of the intestinal barrier, as well as antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18010018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T19:33:07Z","timestamp":1735241587000},"page":"18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["(-)-Fenchone Ameliorates TNBS-Induced Colitis in Rats via Antioxidant, Immunomodulatory, and Cytoprotective Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Maria Elaine Cristina","family":"Araruna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba (UFPB), Jo\u00e3o Pessoa CEP 58051-970, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edvaldo Balbino","family":"Alves J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba (UFPB), Jo\u00e3o Pessoa CEP 58051-970, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catarina Alves","family":"de Lima Serafim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba (UFPB), Jo\u00e3o Pessoa CEP 58051-970, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matheus Marley Bezerra","family":"Pessoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba (UFPB), Jo\u00e3o Pessoa CEP 58051-970, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle Liz","family":"de Souza Pess\u00f4a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba (UFPB), Jo\u00e3o Pessoa CEP 58051-970, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vit\u00f3ria Pereira","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba (UFPB), Jo\u00e3o Pessoa CEP 58051-970, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7740-034X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianna Vieira","family":"Sobral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba (UFPB), Jo\u00e3o Pessoa CEP 58051-970, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Sobral","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba (UFPB), Jo\u00e3o Pessoa CEP 58051-970, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriano Francisco","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba (UFPB), Jo\u00e3o Pessoa CEP 58051-970, PB, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba (UFPB), Jo\u00e3o Pessoa CEP 58051-970, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Carolina","family":"de Paiva Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba (UFPB), Jo\u00e3o Pessoa CEP 58051-970, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurigena Antunes","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Histology and Basic Pathology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal CEP 59078-970, RN, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Le\u00f4nia Maria","family":"Batista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba (UFPB), Jo\u00e3o Pessoa CEP 58051-970, PB, 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