{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:32:48Z","timestamp":1790796768072,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This review evaluates the cytotoxic potential of the Sesbania genus, with a focus on Sesbania sesban, Sesbania grandiflora, and Sesbania cannabina. These species, known for their diverse phytochemical compositions, exhibit notable cytotoxic effects that suggest their utility in natural cancer treatments. Compounds such as quercetin, kaempferol, and sesbagrandiforian A and B have been highlighted for their strong antioxidant and antiproliferative effects, further emphasizing their therapeutic potential. The genus Sesbania exhibits a wide range of in vitro and in vivo bioactivities. Extensive research on S. grandiflora has uncovered mechanisms such as the activation of caspase cascades and the induction of apoptosis, attributed to its rich content of flavonoids and alkaloids. Notably, sesbanimides derived from S. grandiflora seeds have demonstrated potent cytotoxic effects by disrupting mitochondrial function. While S. sesban and S. cannabina have been less extensively studied, early findings highlight their potential through the inhibition of key cancer pathways and the identification of bioactive compounds such as galactomannan derivatives and 2-arylbenzofurans. Notably, the galactomannan derivatives from S. sesban exhibit significant immune-modulating properties. Additionally, nanoparticles synthesized from Sesbania species, including Cadmium oxide and PEGylated silver nanoparticles, have demonstrated promising cytotoxic activity by disrupting mitosis and enhancing immune responses. While further research is warranted, the Sesbania genus offers a promising basis for the development of innovative anticancer therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18010064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T07:00:47Z","timestamp":1736406047000},"page":"64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Distribution, Phytochemical Insights, and Cytotoxic Potential of the Sesbania Genus: A Comprehensive Review of Sesbania grandiflora, Sesbania sesban, and Sesbania cannabina"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6909-7440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatma Alzahraa","family":"Mokhtar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujairah Research Centre, Sakamkam Road, Fujairah 00000, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, El Saleheya El Gadida University, El Saleheya El Gadida 44813, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariam","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aishah Saeed","family":"Al Dhanhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujairah Research Centre, Sakamkam Road, Fujairah 00000, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4680-3215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serag Eldin I.","family":"Elbehairi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Tissue Culture and Cancer Biology Research Laboratory, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4310-3539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Y.","family":"Alfaifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Tissue Culture and Cancer Biology Research Laboratory, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1800-7238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali A.","family":"Shati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Tissue Culture and Cancer Biology Research Laboratory, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal M.","family":"Fakhry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"McKenna, D.J., Jones, K., Hughes, K., and Tyler, V.M. 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