{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T20:14:48Z","timestamp":1789762488775,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":132,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) including Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic, relapsing conditions characterized by dysregulated immune responses and persistent intestinal inflammation. This review aims to examine new potential therapeutic targets in IBD starting from the STRIDE-II statements. Key targets now include clinical remission, endoscopic remission, and biomarker normalization (such as C-reactive protein and fecal calprotectin). Moreover, histologic remission, transmural remission, and in the future molecular targets are emerging as important indicators of sustained disease control. The treatment goals for inflammatory bowel disease are varied: to relieve symptoms, prevent permanent intestinal damage, promote inflammation remission, and minimize complications. Consequently, the therapeutic targets have evolved to become broader and more ambitious. Integrating these advanced therapeutic targets has the potential to redefine IBD management by promoting deeper disease control and improved patient outcomes. Further research is essential to validate these strategies and optimize their clinical implementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18010078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T08:03:05Z","timestamp":1736496185000},"page":"78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Advancing Therapeutic Targets in IBD: Emerging Goals and Precision Medicine Approaches"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Lucia","family":"Centanni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Hospital San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5400-2765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clelia","family":"Cicerone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Hospital San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1198-6121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Fanizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Hospital San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8591-6995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferdinando","family":"D\u2019Amico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Hospital San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Furfaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Hospital San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Zilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Hospital San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommaso Lorenzo","family":"Parigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Hospital San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Peyrin-Biroulet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, INFINY Institute, INSERM NGERE, CHRU de Nancy, Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, F-54500 Vand\u0153uvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvio","family":"Danese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Hospital San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariangela","family":"Allocca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS Hospital San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2023.03.009","article-title":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"50","author":"Bruner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prim. care"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.11.056","article-title":"Histologic Remission Is More Strongly Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Ileal Crohn\u2019s Disease than Endoscopic Remission","volume":"18","author":"Christensen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. 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