{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T16:01:08Z","timestamp":1792080068838,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China for Young Scientists","award":["82204756"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82204756"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China for Young Scientists","award":["2025GXNSFAA069904"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025GXNSFAA069904"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China for Young Scientists","award":["YCSY2023056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YCSY2023056"]}]},{"name":"Guangxi Project, the Special Fund of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine","award":["82204756"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82204756"]}]},{"name":"Guangxi Project, the Special Fund of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine","award":["2025GXNSFAA069904"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025GXNSFAA069904"]}]},{"name":"Guangxi Project, the Special Fund of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine","award":["YCSY2023056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YCSY2023056"]}]},{"name":"Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education of GXUCM","award":["82204756"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82204756"]}]},{"name":"Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education of GXUCM","award":["2025GXNSFAA069904"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025GXNSFAA069904"]}]},{"name":"Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education of GXUCM","award":["YCSY2023056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YCSY2023056"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives:\u00a0Camellia nitidissima Chi (C. nitidissima), a traditional Chinese \u201cfood and medicine homology\u201d plant, has demonstrated potential anti-tumor properties. However, its mechanisms of anti-lung cancer activity via ferroptosis remain unclear. This study aimed to construct an integrated research system of \u201cnatural product extraction-purification, bioactivity evaluation, and computational drug screening\u201d to explore the bioactive compounds in C. nitidissima leaves targeting HMOX-1-mediated ferroptosis and their anti-lung cancer mechanisms. Methods: Active fractions were prepared using ethanol extraction combined with polyamide column chromatography. The anti-lung cancer activity was evaluated using the NCI-H1975 cell model. Ferroptosis was verified via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), biochemical indicators, a PCR Array, and immunofluorescence. The bioactive compounds were identified using UPLC-Q Exactive MS, and their binding affinity to HMOX-1 was evaluated via molecular docking and dynamics simulations, followed by cellular validation. Results: The 95% F1 fraction from the extracts of C. nitidissima leaves exhibited the strongest anti-lung cancer activity, which could be significantly reversed by Ferrostatin-1. Furthermore, it induced typical ferroptosis-related structural damage in mitochondria, including shrinkage and a reduction in size, increased membrane density, and a reduction or even the disappearance of cristae structures. At the molecular level, this fraction significantly increased the levels of oxidative stress markers (ROS\u2191, MDA\u2191, Fe2+\u2191, and GSH\u2193) and upregulated the expression of key ferroptosis-related genes, including HMOX-1, CHAC1, and NOX1. Using UPLC-Q Exactive MS combined with computational simulation methods, four bioactive compounds with high affinity for HMOX1 were successfully identified, including isochlorogenic acid A (\u22128.4 kcal\/mol), isochlorogenic acid C (\u22128.4 kcal\/mol), apigenin (\u22127.8 kcal\/mol), and chrysin (\u22127.3 kcal\/mol). Cellular experiments validated that these compounds exhibited dose-dependent anti-proliferative effects. Conclusions: The leaves of C. nitidissima induce anti-lung cancer effects via HMOX-1-mediated ferroptosis. Isochlorogenic acid A\/C, apigenin, and chrysin were identified as key bioactive components. These findings lay the foundation for the development of natural ferroptosis-targeted drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18060824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T09:22:41Z","timestamp":1748596961000},"page":"824","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Identification of HMOX-1-Targeting Natural Compounds in Camellia nitidissima Chi for NSCLC Therapy: Integrating Bioassay and In Silico Screening Approaches"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Lingqiu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, University Engineering Research Center of Reutilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"},{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Institute of Traditional Chinese and Zhuang-Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, University Engineering Research Center of Reutilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"},{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Institute of Traditional Chinese and Zhuang-Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"},{"name":"International Zhuang Medical Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haimei","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, University Engineering Research Center of Reutilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"},{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Institute of Traditional Chinese and Zhuang-Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangling","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, University Engineering Research Center of Reutilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"},{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Institute of Traditional Chinese and Zhuang-Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunmei","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, University Engineering Research Center of Reutilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"},{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Institute of Traditional Chinese and Zhuang-Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manlu","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, University Engineering Research Center of Reutilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"},{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Institute of Traditional Chinese and Zhuang-Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuemi","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, University Engineering Research Center of Reutilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"},{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Institute of Traditional Chinese and Zhuang-Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinling","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, University Engineering Research Center of Reutilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"},{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Institute of Traditional Chinese and Zhuang-Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotao","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, University Engineering Research Center of Reutilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"},{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Institute of Traditional Chinese and Zhuang-Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiagang","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, University Engineering Research Center of Reutilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"},{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Institute of Traditional Chinese and Zhuang-Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China"},{"name":"International Zhuang Medical Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erwei","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, University Engineering Research Center of Reutilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4275","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29174275","article-title":"Integration of Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Reveals the Antitumor Mechanism of Protopanaxadiol Triphenylphosphate Derivative in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer","volume":"29","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Velkova, I., Pasino, M., Khalid, Z., Menichini, P., Martorana, E., Izzotti, A., and Pulliero, A. 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