{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:35:58Z","timestamp":1760060158679,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)"},{"name":"Rio de Janeiro State Research Foundation (FAPERJ)"},{"name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Shedding light on Hidradenitis Suppurativa activity: a pilot study to evaluate the potential of [99mTc]Tc-anti-TNF-alpha scintigraphy. Background\/Objectives: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), also known as acne inversa and Verneuil\u2019s disease, is a chronic and non-contagious auto-inflammatory disease of pilo-sebaceous units that can lead to severe complications and sequelae. The actual prevalence of HS is unknown due to diagnostic delay and\/or misdiagnosis, but it is estimated to affect 0.00033\u20134.1% of the general population worldwide. Only severe cases are referred for imaging assessment, and the final diagnosis is mostly established on a clinical basis. Here, we present a pilot study aiming to evaluate clinically active inflammatory disease in patients with HS using [99mTc]Tc-anti-TNF-alpha scintigraphy. Methods: Four patients (2 male, 2 female) had their HS clinical features measured through the HS-PGA and Hurley Score and compared to [99mTc]Tc-anti-TNF-alpha scintigraphy findings. Results: Scintigraphy with [99mTc]Tc-anti-TNF-alpha showed abnormal uptake in clinically active lesions of HS and also detected some clinically unknown potential active lesions, later confirmed by clinical reassessment after the imaging. Conclusions: Our results suggest that scintigraphy with [99mTc]Tc-anti-TNF-alpha may be able to detect increased radiotracer uptake in most clinically identified active lesions in this pilot cohort. While promising, due to the inherent limitations of this pilot study, more studies need to be carried out to arrive at a definitive diagnostic assessment of active inflammatory disease using this method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18081190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T15:51:02Z","timestamp":1755013862000},"page":"1190","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Shedding Light on Hidradenitis Suppurativa Activity: A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Potential of [99mTc]Tc-Anti-TNF-Alpha Scintigraphy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3264-0929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Marcos Telles","family":"da Cunha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology Service, Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9577-4310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Gutfilen-Schlesinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Marca\u00e7\u00e3o de C\u00e9lulas e Mol\u00e9culas (LMCM), Radiology Department, Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatriz Moritz","family":"Trope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Service, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6713-4041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1via Paiva Proen\u00e7a Lobo","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Marca\u00e7\u00e3o de C\u00e9lulas e Mol\u00e9culas (LMCM), Radiology Department, Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7901-4805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio Augusto Lopes","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Marca\u00e7\u00e3o de C\u00e9lulas e Mol\u00e9culas (LMCM), Radiology Department, Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8632-7474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bianca","family":"Gutfilen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Marca\u00e7\u00e3o de C\u00e9lulas e Mol\u00e9culas (LMCM), Radiology Department, Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S402453","article-title":"Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prognosis of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Across the Globe: Insights from the Literature","volume":"16","author":"Alotaibi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Cosmet. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19435","article-title":"Hidradenitis suppurativa: The epidemiology of hidradenitis suppurativa","volume":"183","author":"Ingram","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S111019","article-title":"Hidradenitis suppurativa: From pathogenesis to diagnosis and treatment","volume":"19","author":"Napolitano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Cosmet. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13849","article-title":"Proceeding Report of the Second Symposium on Hidradenitis Suppurativa Advances (SHSA) 2017","volume":"28","author":"Shavit","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vossen, A.R.J.V., van der Zee, H.H., and Prens, E.P. (2018). Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review Integrating Inflammatory Pathways into a Cohesive Pathogenic Model. Front. Immunol., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02965"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000753196.64470.6a","article-title":"Should We Scan Hidradenitis Suppurativa Patients? A Systematic Review of Radiologic Findings","volume":"34","author":"Gutfilen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Ski. Wound Care"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13665","article-title":"Novel Cytokine and Chemokine Markers of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Reflect Chronic Inflammation and Itch","volume":"74","author":"Vossen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2174\/1574886310666151014115127","article-title":"Biologic Therapy in Immune Mediated Inflammatory Disease: Basic Science and Clinical Concepts","volume":"11","author":"Molinelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Saf."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2040622319851640","DOI":"10.1177\/2040622319851640","article-title":"TNF-\u03b1 inhibitors in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa","volume":"10","author":"Savage","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Chronic Dis."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1159\/000506074","article-title":"Paradoxical Hidradenitis Suppurativa in Patients Receiving TNF-\u03b1 Inhibitors: Case Series, Systematic Review, and Case Meta-Analysis","volume":"236","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e139932","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.139932","article-title":"Immunopathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa and response to anti-TNF-\u03b1 therapy","volume":"5","author":"Lowe","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semnuclmed.2017.12.004","article-title":"New SPECT and PET Radiopharmaceuticals for Imaging Inflammatory Diseases: A Narrative Review","volume":"48","author":"Pacilio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17919","article-title":"Results from a Phase 2, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of a Biologic in Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"181","author":"Jemec","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1097\/MNM.0000000000001333","article-title":"99mTc-Antitumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Scintigraphy for the Detection of Inflammatory Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"42","author":"Alexandre","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nucl. Med. Commun."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2044","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker234","article-title":"(99m)Tc-anti-TNF-\u03b1 scintigraphy in RA: A comparison pilot study with MRI and clinical examination","volume":"50","author":"Roimicher","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.4103\/2542-3975.209684","article-title":"99mTc-Anti-TNF-\u03b1 Scintigraphy in the Assessment of Rheumatic Disease Activity","volume":"2","author":"Gutfilen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Trials Degener. Dis."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12548","article-title":"Technetium-99m-Anti-Tumour Necrosis Factor-Alpha Scintigraphy as Promising Predictor of Response to Corticotherapy in Chronic Active Graves\u2019 Ophthalmopathy","volume":"39","author":"Gutfilen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Physiol. Funct. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1097\/RLU.0b013e31826c0c16","article-title":"99mTc-Anti-TNF-\u03b1 scintigraphy: A new perspective within different methods in the diagnostic approach of active Graves ophthalmopathy","volume":"37","author":"Lopes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"377","article-title":"Scintigraphy for detecting tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1 on the skin of patients with psoriatic arthritis","volume":"46","author":"Nentzinsky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scand. J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2007.07.021","article-title":"Evaluation of different counting methods for use in radiochemical purity testing procedures for 99mTc-labelled radiopharmaceuticals","volume":"66","author":"Maioli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl. Radiat. Isot."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miranda, A.C.C., Durante, A.C.R., Fuscaldi, L.L., Pavanin, L.A., Martins, B.R.S., Silva, K.A.N., and Gremonini, G.E.D. (2019). Current Approach in Radiochemical Quality Control of the 99mTc-Radiopharmaceuticals: A mini-review. Braz. Arch. BiolTech., 62.","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-4324-2019180545"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2015.08.003","article-title":"Imaging of Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"34","author":"Wortsman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dermatol. Clin."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1111\/dsu.12329","article-title":"Ultrasound In-Depth Characterization and Staging of Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"39","author":"Wortsman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatol. Surg."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000000131","article-title":"Hidradenitis Suppurativa: MRI Features in Anogenital Disease","volume":"57","author":"Griffin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dis. Colon. Rectum"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"e217680","article-title":"Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents: Updates and Answers to Typical Questions Regarding Gadolinium Use","volume":"49","author":"Cheong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tex. Heart Inst. J."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e164","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/74184796","article-title":"Positron Emission Tomography Features of Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"84","author":"Simpson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Talasila, S., Teichner, E.M., Subtirelu, R.C., Xiang, D.H., Ayubcha, C., Werner, T., Alavi, A., and Revheim, M.E. (2023). The Role of PET\/CT in the Evaluation of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review. J. Clin. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12175491"}],"container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8247\/18\/8\/1190\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:26:00Z","timestamp":1760034360000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8247\/18\/8\/1190"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["ph18081190"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph18081190","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8247"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1424-8247"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]}}}