{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:21:08Z","timestamp":1789431668850,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universidade Paranaense","award":["41392\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41392\/2024"]}]},{"name":"Universidade Paranaense","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Universidade Paranaense","award":["310105\/2021-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310105\/2021-8"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES)","award":["41392\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41392\/2024"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES)","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES)","award":["310105\/2021-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310105\/2021-8"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)","award":["41392\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41392\/2024"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)","award":["310105\/2021-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310105\/2021-8"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: The cultivation of Humulus lupulus has been encouraged in Brazil, despite the country\u2019s climate generally being unfavorable for its development. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant activity, and photoprotective potential of four H. lupulus varieties, Cascade, Columbus, Comet, and Nugget, cultivated in the northwestern region of Paran\u00e1 State, Brazil. Methods: The varieties were grown in experimental plots. Crude extracts (CEs) of cones and leaves were obtained through dynamic maceration with solvent renewal (96% ethanol), followed by concentration in a rotary evaporator. Assays for sun protection factor (SPF), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH\u2022) radical scavenging activity, and 2.2\u2032-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS\u2022\u207a) were performed to assess antioxidant activity. Chemical profiling was performed using UHPLC-MS\/MS. Results: UHPLC-MS\/MS analysis revealed the presence of phenolic and organic acids, flavonoids, phenolic aldehydes, alkaloids, and \u03b1-benzopyrone-type lactones, with high concentrations of rutin (&gt;500 \u00b5g\/g) in both cones and leaves. Total phenolic content ranged from 69.70 to 95.95 \u00b5g gallic acid equivalent\/mg CE; flavonoids from 170.53 to 696.67 \u00b5g quercetin equivalent\/mg CE; DPPH\u2022 EC50 values ranged from 1.34 to 3.13 mg\/mL; FRAP from 1.19 to 2.52 \u00b5M ferrous sulfate\/mg; ABTS\u2022\u207a from 5.11 to 22.60 mM Trolox\/mg CE; and SPF ranged from 16.02 to 39.48 in the CE of H. lupulus cones and leaves. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that the cultivated varieties possess antioxidant and photoprotective properties, encouraging further studies to explore their potential applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18081229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T13:18:14Z","timestamp":1755695894000},"page":"1229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant Capacity, and Photoprotective Potential of Brazilian Humulus Lupulus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Gabriela Catuzo Canonico","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama 87502-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4186-6075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiana Pereira Alves","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama 87502-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5033-8441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel Augusto Rodrigues","family":"Beir\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama 87502-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 J\u00fanior","family":"Severino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama 87502-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariane de Almeida","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama 87502-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina Pereira da Silva Bocchio","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Medicinal and Phytotherapeutic Plants in Primary Care, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama 87502-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia Boito","family":"Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Clean Technologies, UniCesumar, Maring\u00e1 87050-390, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Max Emerson","family":"Rickli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Daniela","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FMC Agr\u00edcola, Paulinia 13140-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ezilda","family":"Jacomassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Medicinal and Phytotherapeutic Plants in Primary Care, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama 87502-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Graciela Iecher Faria","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama 87502-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo","family":"Francisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maring\u00e1, Campus Umuarama, Umuarama 87020-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1191-4740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz Cervejeira Bolanho","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Sustainability, Universidade Estadual de Maring\u00e1, Campus Umuarama, Umuarama 87020-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9463-5378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana Silveira","family":"do Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama 87502-210, Brazil"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama 87502-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2505-0536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Eduardo","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Clean Technologies, UniCesumar, Maring\u00e1 87050-390, Brazil"},{"name":"Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, UniCesumar, Maring\u00e1 87050-390, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0392-5976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zilda Cristiani","family":"Gazim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama 87502-210, Brazil"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama 87502-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspr.2024.102353","article-title":"Evaluation of the Stability of Hop Pellets Subjected to Different Storage Conditions During Three Years","volume":"107","author":"Galaverni","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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