{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T16:47:33Z","timestamp":1777135653884,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","award":["2022A1515111117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515111117"]}]},{"name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","award":["NSZD2023031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSZD2023031"]}]},{"name":"Nanshan District Health System Major Science and Technology Project","award":["2022A1515111117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515111117"]}]},{"name":"Nanshan District Health System Major Science and Technology Project","award":["NSZD2023031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSZD2023031"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Eczema is the most common skin disease among Hong Kong\u2019s adults and children, affecting an estimated 30% of the total population. Western and Chinese medicinal ointments are the usual treatment for eczema. Conventional Western medicinal ointments are topical corticosteroids and non-steroidal agents. Eczema skin products include \u201cAveeno Parabens Lotion\u201d, \u201cCerave Moisturizing Cream\u201d, and \u201cCetaphil Lotion\u201d. However, these are not a long-term solution for managing significant erythema. Chinese medicinal ointments are based on adjusting the formula, including the ingredients and amount, to address an individual\u2019s skin condition and other factors that may be worsening symptoms. This approach aims to regulate the immune system and make it less reactive to environmental and food allergies. This approach is mainly for local topical use. The ingredients of eczema skin products should include Coptis chinensis Franch, Phellodendron chinense Schneid, Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch, Curcuma longa L., and sesame oil. Chinese medicinal ointments are natural ingredients, personalized formulas, and concerned with holistic healing, while Western medicinal ointments provide fast-acting relief, targeted action, and a standardized dosage. Methods: Nine electronic databases, such as WanFang Data, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Springer Link, SciFinder, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), were searched mainly within the past twenty years and without any language restrictions. The inclusion criteria were the keywords \u201cWestern medicine and ointment\u201d, \u201cChinese medicine and ointment\u201d, and \u201cWestern and Chinese medicines and ointment\u201d. Differences in effectiveness between Western and Chinese ointments were evaluated to determine if they had functions against eczema. This review included an analysis and summary of all relevant papers. Results: Western medicinal ointments are topical corticosteroids, and they exert their pharmacological activities via many mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, antiproliferative, and vasoconstrictive effects on eczema. Similarly, Chinese medicinal ointments have the same pharmacological functions, but they may focus on the immune system for the treatment of inflammatory and skin conditions, including erythema, edema, dryness, desquamation, and callus exfoliation. Conclusion: Based on the clinical research, the effectiveness rate of integrated Chinese and Western medicines was 88%, which was greater than the 70% rate for using Western medicine alone to treat eczema. Western and Chinese medicinal ointments have different active ingredients with advantages and disadvantages for eczema or when acting as skin care products. The most important thing is knowing \u201cHow\u201d to use Western and Chinese medicinal ointments properly, especially for some formulations of Chinese ointments. It may be beneficial to consider the pharmacokinetic studies of herbal ingredients, which offer personalized formulas tailored to individual body constitutions and conditions, as well as to emphasize holistic healing, addressing both symptoms and underlying imbalances in the body. Much more work needs to be carried out, such as safety assessments of these ointments for use as skin care products for eczema.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18091248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T13:47:49Z","timestamp":1755870469000},"page":"1248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of the Effectiveness Differences between Western and Chinese Medicinal Ointments against Eczema"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0454-2048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siu Kan","family":"Law","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6167-4960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao Xiao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Laboratory of Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen 518000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, W., Cai, J., Sun, C., Zou, Z., Zhang, J., and Huang, C. 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