{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T11:21:53Z","timestamp":1787311313921,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social","award":["FIS\/IMSS\/PROT\/EMER18\/1846"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIS\/IMSS\/PROT\/EMER18\/1846"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a group of blood cancers that arise in the lymphatic nodes and other tissues after an injury to the DNA of B\/T lineage and NK lymphocytes. Recently, we reported that incomptine A (IA) has in vivo antilymphoma properties. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of IA in the treatment of NHL using antilymphoma activity, Tandem Mass Tag (TMT), and bioinformatics approaches. Methods: The antilymphoma activity of IA was tested on male Balb\/c mice inoculated with U-937 cells. Also, TMT, gene ontology enrichment, Reactome pathway, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes pathway, molecular docking, toxicoinformatic, and pharmaceutical analyses were performed. Results: By TMT analysis of the altered levels of proteins present in the lymph nodes of Balb\/c mice with NHL and treated with IA, we identified 106 significantly differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including Il1rap, Ifi44, Timd4, Apoa4, and Fabp3 as well as Myh3, Eno 2, and H4c11. Among these, the Fhl1 result was the most important cluster altered and a potential core target of IA for the treatment of NHL. Network pharmacology studies have revealed that DEPs are associated with processes such as muscle contraction, glycolysis, hemostasis, epigenetic regulation of gene expression, transport of small molecules, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, systemic lupus erythematosus, alcoholism, and platelet activation, signaling, and aggregation. Computational studies revealed strong binding affinities with six proteins associated with cancer, positive pharmacokinetic properties, and no toxicity. Conclusions: Our contribution suggests that IA may be a compound with potential therapeutic effects against NHL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18091263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T06:25:57Z","timestamp":1756189557000},"page":"1263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Expanding the Knowledge of the Molecular Effects and Therapeutic Potential of Incomptine A for the Treatment of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: In Vivo and Bioinformatics Studies, Part III"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6021-8309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Normand","family":"Garc\u00eda-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Gen\u00e9tica Humana, UMAE Hospital Pediatr\u00eda 2\u00b0 Piso, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauht\u00e9moc 330, Col. Doctores, Mexico City 06725, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1851-5988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Calzada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Farmacolog\u00eda, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, 2\u00b0 Piso CORSE, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauht\u00e9moc 330, Col. Doctores, Mexico City 06725, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7050-9182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elih\u00fa","family":"Bautista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONAHCYT-Divisi\u00f3n de Biolog\u00eda Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica A. C, San Luis Potos\u00ed 78216, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1349-4746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel","family":"S\u00e1nchez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Infantil de Tlaxcala, Investigaci\u00f3n y Ense\u00f1anza, 20 de Noviembre S\/M, San Matias Tepetomatitlan, Apetatitlan de de Antonio Carvajal, Tlaxcala 90606, Mexico"},{"name":"Phagocytes Architecture and Dynamics, IPBS, UMR5089 CNRS-Universit\u00e9 Toulouse 3, 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7401-303X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Valdes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Farmacolog\u00eda, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, 2\u00b0 Piso CORSE, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauht\u00e9moc 330, Col. Doctores, Mexico City 06725, Mexico"},{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Secci\u00f3n de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigaci\u00f3n, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Plan de San Luis y Salvador D\u00edaz Mir\u00f3n S\/N, Col. Casco de Santo Tom\u00e1s, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, Mexico"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunolog\u00eda, Departamento de Sistemas Biol\u00f3gicos, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Calz. del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Coyoac\u00e1n, Mexico City 04960, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0546-5969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Vel\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c1rea Acad\u00e9mica de Farmacia, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo, Circuito exHacienda La Concepci\u00f3n S\/N, Carretera Pachuca-Atocpan, San Agustin Tlaxcala 42076, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7111-7922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Secci\u00f3n de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigaci\u00f3n, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Plan de San Luis y Salvador D\u00edaz Mir\u00f3n S\/N, Col. Casco de Santo Tom\u00e1s, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"Joint secondary transcriptomic analysis of non-Hodgkin\u2019s B-cell lymphomas predicts reliance on pathways associated with the extracellular matrix and robust diagnostic biomarkers","volume":"5","author":"Clancy","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Bioinform. Syst. Biol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"209","article-title":"Glabal cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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