{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T23:37:54Z","timestamp":1780097874023,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["32070674"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32070674"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["JCYJ20220530143615035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20220530143615035"]}]},{"name":"Warshel Institute for Computational Biology funding from Shenzhen City and Longgang District","award":["LGKCSDPT2024001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGKCSDPT2024001"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen\u2013Hong Kong Cooperation Zone for Technology and Innovation","award":["HZQB-KCZYB-2020056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HZQB-KCZYB-2020056"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen\u2013Hong Kong Cooperation Zone for Technology and Innovation","award":["P2-2022-HDH-001-A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2-2022-HDH-001-A"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Young Scholar Development Fund of Shenzhen Ganghong Group Co., Ltd.","award":["2022E0035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022E0035"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong S&T program","award":["2024A0505050001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A0505050001"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong S&T program","award":["2024A0505050002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A0505050002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive primary malignant brain tumor, has a dismal prognosis and limited treatment options. The dried rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Chuanxiong, CX) is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb frequently prescribed in formulas intended to invigorate blood circulation. CX also exhibits anti-glioma activity, but its molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Methods: In this study, we combined transcriptomics and Raman spectroscopy to investigate the effects of reconstituted CX-dispensing granules (hereafter referred to as CXG solution) on U87MG cells, suggesting their dual role in promoting cell death and modulating collagen deposition and lipid metabolism. Results: Mechanistically, we demonstrated that the CXG solution downregulates hsa-miR-10a-5p, which directly targets BCL2L11, known to induce pro-apoptotic effects, as validated by qPCR and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Furthermore, the CXG solution and hsa-miR-10a-5p suppress lipid metabolism through a coherent feed-forward loop via targeting transcription factors SREBF1 and E2F1. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) confirmed E2F1 binds to the hsa-miR-29a promoter, leading to the synergistic repression of hsa-miR-29a-3p by SREBF1 and E2F1. Network pharmacology analysis combined with molecular docking suggested that the ferulic acid and adenosine in CX potentially modulate EGFR-the E2F1-hsa-miR-10a-5p axis. Conclusions: These findings elucidate CX\u2019s multi-target anti-GBM mechanisms and propose a novel therapeutic strategy combining metabolic intervention with miRNA-targeted therapy, providing novel insights into feed-forward loop regulation in miRNA networks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18101553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T07:29:38Z","timestamp":1760599778000},"page":"1553","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. Targets hsa-miR-10a-5p to Potentially Induce Apoptosis and Modulate Lipid Metabolism in Glioblastoma: A Natural-Product-Based Therapeutic Strategy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8842-0358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao-Xuan","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Biology and Drug Development, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0359-2481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hua-Li","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Biology and Drug Development, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Biology and Drug Development, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8453-4939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsi-Yuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Biology and Drug Development, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Ping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Biology and Drug Development, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Biology and Drug Development, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei-Sen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Yuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue-Yang","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsien-Da","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Biology and Drug Development, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2436-4602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang-Chi-Dung","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Biology and Drug Development, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Vleeschouwer, S. 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