{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:01:47Z","timestamp":1789603307712,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":125,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder of the aging brain, is associated with behavioral and cognitive issues and poses a huge burden on the global health care system. One of the key features of AD is the deposition of abnormal proteins called amyloid-beta (A\u03b2) in the brain, causing inflammatory changes, oxidative stress, and neuronal loss. Recent advancements in the anti-A\u03b2 therapies have considerably improved the management of AD, resulting in better clinical outcomes for patients and caregivers. This review offers an inclusive update on current drug discovery efforts, innovative approaches, and ongoing clinical trials targeting A\u03b2, a key player in AD pathogenesis. We have evaluated the most recent developments in monoclonal antibodies, including aducanumab (discontinued November 2024), lecanemab, and donanemab, emerging therapeutic options, as well as emerging strategies such as tau-targeting therapies, gene therapy, and small molecule inhibitors. Moreover, we highlighted the challenges and opportunities in AD research, including the need for early diagnosis, personalized medicine, and combination therapies. Our review will offer a concise and informative overview of the current landscape and future directions in anti-A\u03b2 therapeutics for AD, shedding light on potential treatments and prospects for improving patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18111731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T11:49:43Z","timestamp":1763120983000},"page":"1731","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Targeting Amyloid-\u03b2 Proteins as Potential Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Therapeutics: Anti-Amyloid Drug Discovery, Emerging Therapeutics, Clinical Trials and Implications for Public Health"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1894-5382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asaad Abdulrahman","family":"Abduljawad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4895-9803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khadijah B.","family":"Alkinani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aysha","family":"Zaakan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5932-8742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abeer S.","family":"AlGhamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9068-3818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alashary Adam Eisa","family":"Hamdoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Batool H.","family":"Alshanbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5994-0492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed Abdullah","family":"Alshehri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Management and Medical Informatics Department, College of Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Badria Bakheet","family":"Alluhaybi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Complex at the Public Services Center in Alshumaisy\u2014Ministry of Health, Mecca 24231, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahad Othman Ibrahim","family":"Alqashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Department, King Abdulaziz Airport, Ministry of Health, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan Abdulrahman","family":"Abduljawad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 12769, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2460","article-title":"Resolving controversies on the path to Alzheimer\u2019s therapeutics","volume":"17","author":"Selkoe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. 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