{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T07:16:02Z","timestamp":1789197362636,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":170,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Due to their therapeutic potential and effects on cells, exosomes derived from bovine colostrum (BCE) and milk (BME) are molecules that have been at the center of recent studies. Their properties include the ability to cross biological barriers, their natural biocompatibility, and their structure, which enable them to act as stable nanocarriers. Exosomes derived from milk and colostrum stand out in cancer prevention and treatment due to these properties. BMEs can be enriched with bioactive peptides, lipids, and nucleic acids. The targeted drug delivery capacity of BMEs can be made more efficient through these enrichment processes. For example, BME enriched with an iRGD peptide and developed using hypoxia-sensitive lipids selectively transported drugs and reduced the survival rate of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. ARV-825-CME formulations increased antitumor activity in some cancer types. The anticancer effects of exosomes are supported by these examples. In addition to their anticancer activities, exosomes also exhibit effects that maintain immune balance. BME and BCE can regulate inflammatory responses with their miRNA and protein loads. These effects of BMEs have been demonstrated in studies on colon, breast, liver, and lung cancers. The findings support the safety and scalability of these effects. However, significant challenges remain in terms of their large-scale isolation, load heterogeneity, and regulatory standardization. Consequently, BMEs represent a new generation of biogenic nanoplatforms at the intersection of nutrition, immunology, and oncology, paving the way for innovative therapeutic approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph19010168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T08:23:56Z","timestamp":1768811036000},"page":"168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Therapeutic Potential of Bovine Colostrum- and Milk-Derived Exosomes in Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Future Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yusuf Serhat","family":"Karak\u00fclah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, \u00c7anakkale Onsekiz Mart University, \u00c7anakkale 17000, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0447-1076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yal\u00e7\u0131n Mert","family":"Yal\u00e7\u0131nta\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, \u00c7anakkale Onsekiz Mart University, \u00c7anakkale 17000, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2913-2846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikhael","family":"Bechelany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Institute for Membranes (IEM), UMR-5635, University of Montpellier, \u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Place Eug\u00e8ne Bataillon, CEDEX 5, F-34095 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sercan","family":"Karav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, \u00c7anakkale Onsekiz Mart University, \u00c7anakkale 17000, Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Han, G., Kim, H., Kim, D.E., Ahn, Y., Kim, J., Jang, Y.J., Kim, K., Yang, Y., and Kim, S.H. 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