{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T11:47:33Z","timestamp":1791546453374,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: An extensive body of data suggests that inflammation may contribute to the pathophysiological mechanisms of psychiatric illness. Circumstantial evidence implied that low-dose aspirin (LDA) may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of psychotropic drugs. We examined whether LDA administration with psychotropic medications is associated with medication regimen stability and other therapeutic effects in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia, and schizoaffective disorder (SAD). Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from Clalit Health Services\u2019 Southern District database in Israel, including 1924 patients treated between 2017 and 2019. The Study Group consisted of patients treated with LDA plus psychotropic medications, whereas the Control Group included patients treated only with psychotropic medications. Study outcomes included suicide attempts and pharmacotherapy-related negative events, defined as psychotropic dose escalation, augmentation, or switching. Results: The study group included 137 patients (55% males, age 63.3 \u00b1 12.3 years), and the control group included 1787 patients (60% males, age 47 \u00b1 16.9 years). Significant differences were observed across nearly all outcomes, favoring the LDA co-treatment group. Patients in the study group exhibited lower rates of medication dosage increase (40 [29%] vs. 726 [40.5%], p = 0.01); fewer changes and\/or additions of psychotropic medications (37 [26.9%] vs. 778 [43.5%], p &lt; 0.001); and a non-significantly lower rate of suicide attempts (0 [0%] vs. 16 [0.9%], p = 0.53). Conclusions: Overall, LDA co-treatment was associated with better clinical outcomes among patients with BD, schizophrenia, and SAD. Follow-up large-scale epidemiological studies and prospective randomized clinical trials are needed to examine the therapeutic potential of add-on LDA to psychotropic medications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph19030435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T11:06:52Z","timestamp":1773054412000},"page":"435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Does Administration of Low-Dose Aspirin Enhance the Efficacy of Psychotropic Drugs in Patients with Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia, and Schizoaffective Disorder?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Lior","family":"Stern","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Galila","family":"Agam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0049-9633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Shvartsur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Ashkelon Academic College, Yitshak Ben Zvi 12, Ashkelon 78211, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Alhoashla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clalit Health Service, Southern District, Beer-Sheva 8410001, Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3770-0927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Abu Tailakh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel"},{"name":"Nursing Research Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, P.O. Box 151, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abed N.","family":"Azab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel"},{"name":"The School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-019-0997-0","article-title":"Global Burden of Disease and the Impact of Mental and Addictive Disorders","volume":"21","author":"Rehm","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31612-X","article-title":"The Lancet Commission on Global Mental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":"392","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Bloom, D.E., Cafiero, E.T., Jan\u00e9-Llopis, E., Abrahams-Gessel, S., Bloom, L.R., and Fathima, S. (2011). The Global Economic Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases, World Economic Forum."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.02.001","article-title":"Prevalence, Chronicity, Burden and Borders of Bipolar Disorder","volume":"148","author":"Fagiolini","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12423","article-title":"The Prevalence and Burden of Bipolar Disorder: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013","volume":"18","author":"Ferrari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1259","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.16r11165","article-title":"Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Studies of Adult Bipolar Disorder","volume":"78","author":"Moreira","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)01140-7","article-title":"Bipolar Disorder","volume":"406","author":"Singh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2013.1394","article-title":"Comorbidities and Mortality in Bipolar Disorder: A Swedish National Cohort Study","volume":"70","author":"Crump","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"1565","article-title":"Bipolar Disorder and the Vascular System: Mechanisms and New Prevention Opportunities","volume":"33","author":"Goldstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1177\/104012371102300107","article-title":"Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in Bipolar Disorder","volume":"23","author":"Weiner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators (2020). Global Burden of 369 Diseases and Injuries in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990\u20132019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet, 396, 1204\u20131222."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01730-X","article-title":"Schizophrenia","volume":"399","author":"Jauhar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1801490","article-title":"Psychotic Disorders","volume":"379","author":"Lieberman","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60995-8","article-title":"Schizophrenia","volume":"374","author":"Kapur","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.10.1123","article-title":"A Systematic Review of Mortality in Schizophrenia: Is the Differential Mortality Gap Worsening over Time?","volume":"64","author":"Saha","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1177\/104012371903100101","article-title":"Schizoaffective Disorder: A Review","volume":"31","author":"Miller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"42","article-title":"The Modern Concept of Schizoaffective Disorder: A Narrative Review","volume":"5","author":"Pavlichenko","year":"2024","journal-title":"Consort. Psychiatr."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2034954","article-title":"Electroconvulsive Therapy","volume":"386","author":"Espinoza","year":"2022","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(23)00199-2","article-title":"Comparative Efficacy and Tolerability of Pharmacological Interventions for Acute Bipolar Depression in Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis","volume":"10","author":"Yildiz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(25)00031-8","article-title":"INTEGRATE: International Guidelines for the Algorithmic Treatment of Schizophrenia","volume":"12","author":"McCutcheon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2025.0482","article-title":"Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Mental Disorders in Adults: A Unified Series of Meta-Analyses","volume":"82","author":"Cuijpers","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2025.0587","article-title":"Antipsychotic Acute-Phase Treatment in Individuals With and Without Recent Treatment: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis","volume":"82","author":"Brandt","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103583","article-title":"Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Augmentation Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis","volume":"89","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2412616","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.12616","article-title":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Across Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis","volume":"7","author":"Hyde","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.20230682","article-title":"Psilocybin: From Psychiatric Pariah to Perceived Panacea","volume":"182","author":"Fonzo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.120485","article-title":"Psilocybin Use in Bipolar Disorder: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"394","author":"Do","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e51","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852925100333","article-title":"Ketamine in Clinical Practice: Transitioning from Anesthetic Agent to Psychiatric Therapeutic","volume":"30","author":"Quintero","year":"2025","journal-title":"CNS Spectr."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2025.104625","article-title":"Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics in the Treatment of Schizoaffective Disorder: A Retrospective Mirror Image Study for Hospitalizations and Treatment Costs","volume":"110","author":"Mammadov","year":"2025","journal-title":"Asian J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31135-3","article-title":"Comparative Efficacy and Tolerability of 32 Oral Antipsychotics for the Acute Treatment of Adults with Multi-Episode Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis","volume":"394","author":"Huhn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01997-8","article-title":"Comparative Efficacy and Tolerability of 32 Oral and Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics for the Maintenance Treatment of Adults with Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis","volume":"399","author":"Chalkou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2021.10.003","article-title":"Lithium Treatment of Bipolar Disorder in Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Trials and Meta-Analyses","volume":"54","author":"Fountoulakis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-024-02705-3","article-title":"Comparative Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Pharmacotherapies for Acute Mania in Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"30","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.18588","article-title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Bipolar Disorder: A Review","volume":"330","author":"Nierenberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.focus.20230009","article-title":"The CANMAT and ISBD Guidelines for the Treatment of Bipolar Disorder: Summary and a 2023 Update of Evidence","volume":"21","author":"Keramatian","year":"2023","journal-title":"Focus"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e087999","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-087999","article-title":"The Efficacy of Valproate in Acute Mania, Bipolar Depression and Maintenance Therapy for Bipolar Disorder: An Overview of Systematic Reviews with Meta-Analyses","volume":"14","author":"Mari","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2023.09.001","article-title":"Lamotrigine Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability for Women of Childbearing Age with Bipolar I Disorder: Meta-Analysis from Four Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Maintenance Studies","volume":"78","author":"Vieta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e44","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2310180","article-title":"Depression-Treatment Options and Managing Depression in Primary Care","volume":"390","author":"Anderson","year":"2024","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.5756","article-title":"Management of Depression in Adults: A Review","volume":"332","author":"Simon","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.03.030","article-title":"Comparative Efficacy and Tolerability of Pharmacological Treatments for the Treatment of Acute Bipolar Depression: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis","volume":"269","author":"Bahji","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s40345-015-0028-y","article-title":"Lithium Nephrotoxicity","volume":"3","author":"Azab","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(24)00324-9","article-title":"Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in Individuals on Lithium Therapy in Iceland: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study","volume":"11","author":"Gislason","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000659","article-title":"Teratogenicity of Antiepileptic Drugs","volume":"32","author":"Tomson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2309359","article-title":"Risk of Autism after Prenatal Topiramate, Valproate, or Lamotrigine Exposure","volume":"390","author":"Straub","year":"2024","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.20240738","article-title":"Antipsychotic Drugs: A Concise Review of History, Classification, Indications, Mechanism, Efficacy, Side Effects, Dosing, and Clinical Application","volume":"181","author":"Leucht","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.16091016","article-title":"The Long-Term Effects of Antipsychotic Medication on Clinical Course in Schizophrenia","volume":"174","author":"Goff","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(25)00025-2","article-title":"The Trajectory of Sedative Adverse Events Caused by Antipsychotics: A Meta-Analysis of Individual Participant Data from Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trials in Acute Phase Schizophrenia","volume":"12","author":"Nomura","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2025.111541","article-title":"Adverse Event Reporting and Management in Psilocybin Therapy Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review to Guide Clinical and Research Protocol Development","volume":"143","author":"Bukovsky","year":"2025","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001084","article-title":"The Plasma Levels of Interleukin-12 in Schizophrenia, Major Depression, and Bipolar Mania: Effects of Psychotropic Drugs","volume":"7","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2009.47","article-title":"Increased Excitotoxicity and Neuroinflammatory Markers in Postmortem Frontal Cortex from Bipolar Disorder Patients","volume":"15","author":"Rao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.01.007","article-title":"Cytokine Alterations in Bipolar Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of 30 Studies","volume":"74","author":"Modabbernia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.05.018","article-title":"The Role of Inflammation and Microglial Activation in the Pathophysiology of Psychiatric Disorders","volume":"300","author":"Fries","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13416","article-title":"Inflammation in First-Episode Psychosis: The Contribution of Inflammatory Biomarkers to the Emergence of Negative Symptoms, a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"146","author":"Dunleavy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.07.014","article-title":"Peripheral Levels of C-Reactive Protein, Tumor Necrosis Factor-\u03b1, Interleukin-6, and Interleukin-1\u03b2 across the Mood Spectrum in Bipolar Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Mean Differences and Variability","volume":"97","author":"Solmi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2024.02.001","article-title":"Inflammatory Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 69 Studies with 5710 Participants","volume":"266","author":"Warren","year":"2024","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-1591(02)00008-9","article-title":"Effects of Antidepressants on Cytokine Production and Actions","volume":"16","author":"Castanon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2008.12.006","article-title":"Atypical Antipsychotics Suppress Production of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Up-Regulate Interleukin-10 in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Mice","volume":"33","author":"Sugino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2013.10.011","article-title":"Antipsychotics\u2019 Effects on Blood Levels of Cytokines in Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"151","author":"Tourjman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1021\/cn500038f","article-title":"Effects of Lithium on Inflammation","volume":"5","author":"Nassar","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291721000155","article-title":"Changes in Peripheral Blood Compounds Following Psychopharmacological Treatment in Drug-Na\u00efve First-Episode Patients with Either Schizophrenia or Major Depressive Disorder: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"51","author":"Sutterland","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12772","article-title":"New Drug Candidates for Bipolar Disorder\u2014A Nation-Wide Population-Based Study","volume":"21","author":"Kessing","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, L., An, L.T., Qiu, Y., Shan, X.X., Zhao, W.L., Zhao, J.P., Li, L.H., Lang, B., and Wu, R.R. (2019). Effects of Aspirin in Rats with Ouabain Intracerebral Treatment-Possible Involvement of Inflammatory Modulation?. Front. Psychiatry, 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00497"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bleibel, L., Soko\u0142owska, P., Henrykowska, G., Owczarek, J., and Wiktorowska-Owczarek, A. (2025). Unveiling the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Antidepressants: A Systematic Review of Human Studies over the Last Decade. Pharmaceuticals, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18060867"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001805","article-title":"The Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor Celecoxib Has Therapeutic Effects in Major Depression: Results of a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo Controlled, Add-on Pilot Study to Reboxetine","volume":"11","author":"Schwarz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"304","article-title":"Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Depression: A Preliminary Report","volume":"52","author":"Arana","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.8.1334","article-title":"Acute Antidepressant Effects of Intravenous Hydrocortisone and CRH in Depressed Patients: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study","volume":"157","author":"DeBattista","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2010.04.015","article-title":"Celecoxib Treatment in an Early Stage of Schizophrenia: Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Celecoxib Augmentation of Amisulpride Treatment","volume":"121","author":"Krause","year":"2010","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.6.1029","article-title":"Beneficial Antipsychotic Effects of Celecoxib Add-on Therapy Compared to Risperidone Alone in Schizophrenia","volume":"159","author":"Riedel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.912","article-title":"Celecoxib as an Adjunct in the Treatment of Depressive or Mixed Episodes of Bipolar Disorder: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study","volume":"23","author":"Nery","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.09m05117yel","article-title":"Adjuvant Aspirin Therapy Reduces Symptoms of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Results from a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial","volume":"71","author":"Laan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.03.033","article-title":"Effect of Celecoxib Add-on Treatment on Symptoms and Serum IL-6 Concentrations in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study","volume":"141","author":"Abbasi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2020.102118","article-title":"Therapeutic Targeting of Brain Arachidonic Acid Cascade in Bipolar Disorder By Low Dose Aspirin and Celecoxib","volume":"159","author":"Rapoport","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyab072","article-title":"Inflammatory Process and Immune System in Major Depressive Disorder","volume":"25","author":"Ruiz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2025.111459","article-title":"Beyond Dopamine: Exploring Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Antipsychotics","volume":"141","year":"2025","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5049","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-025-01908-6","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of Celecoxib in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"33","author":"Farag","year":"2025","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Damri, O., and Agam, G. (2024). Lithium, Inflammation and Neuroinflammation with Emphasis on Bipolar Disorder-A Narrative Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252413277"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3476240","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3476240","article-title":"Celecoxib Adjunctive Treatment to Antipsychotics in Schizophrenia: A Review of Randomized Clinical Add-On Trials","volume":"2016","author":"Marini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.12.015","article-title":"Taking the Fuel out of the Fire: Evidence for the Use of Anti-Inflammatory Agents in the Treatment of Bipolar Disorders","volume":"174","author":"Ayorech","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2146","DOI":"10.3390\/ph3072146","article-title":"Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: An Overview of Cardiovascular Risks","volume":"3","author":"Meek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.023952","article-title":"A Critical Appraisal of Aspirin in Secondary Prevention","volume":"134","author":"Gargiulo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(2002). Antithrombotic Trialists\u2019 Collaboration. Collaborative Meta-Analysis of Randomised Trials of Antiplatelet Therapy for Prevention of Death, Myocardial Infarction, and Stroke in High Risk Patients. BMJ, 324, 71\u201386.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7329.71"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62110-1","article-title":"Effect of Daily Aspirin on Long-Term Risk of Death Due to Cancer: Analysis of Individual Patient Data from Randomised Trials","volume":"377","author":"Rothwell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-0577","article-title":"Aspirin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement","volume":"164","author":"Grossman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2015.6396","article-title":"Population-Wide Impact of Long-Term Use of Aspirin and the Risk for Cancer","volume":"2","author":"Cao","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2020.02.012","article-title":"Aspirin and the Risk of Colorectal and Other Digestive Tract Cancers: An Updated Meta-Analysis through 2019","volume":"31","author":"Bosetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604880","article-title":"Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Risk of Gastric and Oesophageal Adenocarcinomas: Results from a Cohort Study and a Meta-Analysis","volume":"100","author":"Abnet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1912035","article-title":"Association of Aspirin with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver-Related Mortality","volume":"382","author":"Simon","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-16-0508","article-title":"Aspirin Use and Reduced Risk of Pancreatic Cancer","volume":"26","author":"Risch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010051170","article-title":"Selective Accumulation of Cyclooxygenase-1-Expressing Microglial Cells\/Macrophages in Lesions of Human Focal Cerebral Ischemia","volume":"99","author":"Schwab","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01812.x","article-title":"Assessment of the Relative Contribution of COX-1 and COX-2 Isoforms to Ischemia-Induced Oxidative Damage and Neurodegeneration Following Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia","volume":"86","author":"Springer","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Calvello, R., Lofrumento, D.D., Perrone, M.G., Cianciulli, A., Salvatore, R., Vitale, P., De Nuccio, F., Giannotti, L., Nicolardi, G., and Panaro, M.A. (2017). Highly Selective Cyclooxygenase-1 Inhibitors P6 and Mofezolac Counteract Inflammatory State Both in Vitro and in Vivo Models of Neuroinflammation. Front. Neurol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00251"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2010.09.009","article-title":"Targeting Cyclooxygenases-1 and -2 in Neuroinflammation: Therapeutic Implications","volume":"93","author":"Bosetti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"ref_92","unstructured":"Brunton, L.L., Hilal-Dandan, R., and Knollmann, B.C. (2018). Pharmacotherapy of Inflammation, Fever, Pain, and Gout. Goodman & Gilman\u2019s: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, McGraw-Hill Education."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11549","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-10720-4","article-title":"Aspirin Inhibits LPS-Induced Macrophage Activation via the NF-\u039aB Pathway","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.06.048","article-title":"Aspirin Targets P4HA2 through Inhibiting NF-\u039aB and LMCD1-AS1\/Let-7g to Inhibit Tumour Growth and Collagen Deposition in Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"45","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2009.10.007","article-title":"Is Aspirin Useful in Patients on Lithium? A Pharmacoepidemiological Study Related to Bipolar Disorder","volume":"82","author":"Stolk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fat. Acids"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dominiak, M., G\u0119dek, A., Sikorska, M., Mierzejewski, P., Wojnar, M., and Antosik-W\u00f3jci\u0144ska, A.Z. (2022). Acetylsalicylic Acid and Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceuticals, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16010067"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.70055","article-title":"No Effect of Low-Dose Aspirin Versus Placebo as Add-On Treatment in Bipolar Disorder-Results From a Randomised Controlled Trial (the A-Bipolar RCT)","volume":"153","author":"Bruun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shvartsur, R., Agam, G., Shnaider, A., Uzzan, S., Nassar, A., Jabarin, A., Abu-Freha, N., Meir, K., and Azab, A.N. (2021). Safety and Efficacy of Combined Low-Dose Lithium and Low-Dose Aspirin: A Pharmacological and Behavioral Proof-of-Concept Study in Rats. Pharmaceutics, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13111827"},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shvartsur, R., Agam, G., Uzzan, S., and Azab, A.N. (2022). Low-Dose Aspirin Augments the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Low-Dose Lithium in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Rats. Pharmaceutics, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14050901"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-017-0073-7","article-title":"Treatment of Bipolar Depression with Minocycline and\/or Aspirin: An Adaptive, 2\u00d72 Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase IIA Clinical Trial","volume":"8","author":"Savitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2051-5545.2011.tb00036.x","article-title":"Physical Illness in Patients with Severe Mental Disorders. II. Barriers to Care, Monitoring and Treatment Guidelines, plus Recommendations at the System and Individual Level","volume":"10","author":"Cohen","year":"2011","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.12.059","article-title":"Medical Comorbidity in Bipolar Disorder: The Link with Metabolic-Inflammatory Systems","volume":"211","author":"SayuriYamagata","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20420","article-title":"Prevalence, Incidence and Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Pooled and Specific Severe Mental Illness: A Large-Scale Meta-Analysis of 3,211,768 Patients and 113,383,368 Controls","volume":"16","author":"Correll","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mazereel, V., Detraux, J., Vancampfort, D., van Winkel, R., and De Hert, M. (2020). Impact of Psychotropic Medication Effects on Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome in People With Serious Mental Illness. Front. Endocrinol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.573479"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.06.017","article-title":"Severe Mental Illness and Cardiovascular Disease: JACC State-of-the-Art Review","volume":"80","author":"Goldfarb","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2024.112029","article-title":"Genetic Evidence of the Causal Relationships between Psychiatric Disorders and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"189","author":"Wen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v14.i5.481","article-title":"Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 as an Underlying, Comorbid or Consequent State of Mental Disorders","volume":"14","author":"Borovcanin","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J. Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5013","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-025-03083-0","article-title":"Evidence of Bidirectional Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Depression; a Mendelian Randomization Study","volume":"30","author":"Bala","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01502-8","article-title":"Inflammation and Aging: Signaling Pathways and Intervention Therapies","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jurcau, M.C., Jurcau, A., Cristian, A., Hogea, V.O., Diaconu, R.G., and Nunkoo, V.S. (2024). Inflammaging and Brain Aging. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910535"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2025.115528","article-title":"The Relationship between Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Aging: A Review on Telomere Length, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation","volume":"485","author":"Solh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.04.005","article-title":"Understanding the Course of Persistent Symptoms in Schizophrenia: Longitudinal Findings from the Pattern Study","volume":"267","author":"Haro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13475","article-title":"Understanding the Inverse Relationship between Age and Psychotic Symptoms: The Role of Borderline Personality Traits","volume":"146","author":"Peters","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023030605390","article-title":"Age Differences in Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety: Examining Behavioral Medicine Outpatients","volume":"26","author":"Goldberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Behav. Med."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e026532","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-026532","article-title":"Individual-Level and Area-Level Socioeconomic Status (SES) and Schizophrenia: Cross-Sectional Analyses Using the Evidence from 1.9 Million Chinese Adults","volume":"9","author":"Luo","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000000523","article-title":"Adherence to Antipsychotic Medication in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenic Patients: A Systematic Review","volume":"36","author":"Zorrilla","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, Y., and Williams, D.R. (1999). Socioeconomic Status and Mental Health. Handbook of the Sociology of Mental Health, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-36223-1_8"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2020.0098","article-title":"Medication Adherence in Pediatric Patients with Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review","volume":"31","author":"Sanchez","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2015.08.010","article-title":"Treatment Resistant Schizophrenia Is Associated with the Worst Community Functioning among Severely-Ill Highly-Disabling Psychiatric Conditions and Is the Most Relevant Predictor of Poorer Achievements in Functional Milestones","volume":"65","author":"Iasevoli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720002020","article-title":"A Meta-Analysis Comparing Cognitive Function across the Mood\/Psychosis Diagnostic Spectrum","volume":"52","author":"Lynham","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-018-9388-2","article-title":"Cognitive Deficits in Psychotic Disorders: A Lifespan Perspective","volume":"28","author":"Sheffield","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612825666191216153508","article-title":"Specificity and Continuity of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: Relation to Biomarkers","volume":"26","author":"Yamada","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2414","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.8145","article-title":"Effect of 1-Month Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Followed by Clopidogrel vs 12-Month Dual Antiplatelet Therapy on Cardiovascular and Bleeding Events in Patients Receiving PCI: The STOPDAPT-2 Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"321","author":"Watanabe","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2108749","article-title":"Dual Antiplatelet Therapy after PCI in Patients at High Bleeding Risk","volume":"385","author":"Valgimigli","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2024.3216","article-title":"Short-Term Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Drug-Eluting Stenting in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis","volume":"9","author":"Carvalho","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01616-7","article-title":"De-Escalation to Ticagrelor Monotherapy versus 12 Months of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients with and without Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient-Level Meta-Analysis of Randomised Trials","volume":"404","author":"Valgimigli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20m13589","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.20m13589","article-title":"Risk Factors for Reattempt and Suicide Within 6 Months After an Attempt in the French ALGOS Cohort: A Survival Tree Analysis","volume":"82","author":"Demesmaeker","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.01.103","article-title":"Predictors of Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Attempt and Suicide Death among People with Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies","volume":"302","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-3848(03)00379-7","article-title":"The Mechanism of Action of Aspirin","volume":"110","author":"Vane","year":"2003","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2021.01.032","article-title":"Aspirin Prophylaxis During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"61","author":"Choi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32973-3","article-title":"Low-Dose Aspirin for the Prevention of Preterm Delivery in Nulliparous Women with a Singleton Pregnancy (ASPIRIN): A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial","volume":"395","author":"Hoffman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2021-0668","article-title":"The Effect of 150 and 80 Mg Doses of Aspirin on Preventing Preterm Birth in High-Risk Pregnant Women","volume":"50","author":"Kasraeian","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Perinat. Med."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12802","article-title":"The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Initiative on Pre-Eclampsia: A Pragmatic Guide for First-Trimester Screening and Prevention","volume":"145","author":"Poon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-021-06349-4","article-title":"The Role of Aspirin Dose and Initiation Time in the Prevention of Preeclampsia and Corresponding Complications: A Meta-Analysis of RCTs","volume":"305","author":"Yip","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-08626-7","article-title":"Aspirin Prevents Metastasis by Limiting Platelet TXA2 Suppression of T Cell Immunity","volume":"640","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcibr2502386","article-title":"Understanding How Aspirin Prevents Metastasis","volume":"393","author":"Langley","year":"2025","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berk, M., Dean, O., Drexhage, H., McNeil, J.J., Moylan, S., O\u2019Neil, A., Davey, C.G., Sanna, L., and Maes, M. (2013). Aspirin: A Review of Its Neurobiological Properties and Therapeutic Potential for Mental Illness. BMC Med., 11.","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-74"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00fcller, N. (2019). COX-2 Inhibitors, Aspirin, and Other Potential Anti-Inflammatory Treatments for Psychiatric Disorders. Front. Psychiatry, 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00375"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2024.111056","article-title":"Pharmacotherapeutic Value of Inflammatory and Neurotrophic Biomarkers in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review","volume":"134","author":"Rivera","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ng, Q.X., Ramamoorthy, K., Loke, W., Lee, M.W.L., Yeo, W.S., Lim, D.Y., and Sivalingam, V. (2019). Clinical Role of Aspirin in Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review. Brain Sci., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci9110296"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4089667","DOI":"10.1155\/vmi\/4089667","article-title":"Aspirin\u2019s Role in Reducing Oxidative Stress: Implications for Cognition and Heart Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder","volume":"2025","author":"Mana","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vet. Med. Int."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145707008255","article-title":"Antidepressant Medications and Other Treatments of Depressive Disorders: A CINP Task Force Report Based on a Review of Evidence","volume":"10","author":"Sartorius","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01200-3","article-title":"Treatment Resistance in Psychiatry: State of the Art and New Directions","volume":"27","author":"Howes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8247\/19\/3\/435\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T11:10:56Z","timestamp":1773054656000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8247\/19\/3\/435"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]]},"references-count":143,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["ph19030435"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph19030435","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8247"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8247","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]]}}}