{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T17:04:33Z","timestamp":1779815073217,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangdong University Featured Innovation Program Project","award":["2025KTSCX056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025KTSCX056"]}]},{"name":"Research Foundation of Medical Science and Technology of Guangdong Province","award":["A2024378"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A2024378"]}]},{"name":"Research Project of Chinese Medicine in TCM Bureau of Guangdong Province","award":["20254092"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20254092"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Anshen Bunao Oral Liquid (ABOL) is a traditional medicinal formula comprising Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum, Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata and other ingredients. It replenishes essence, nourishes qi and blood, and soothes the spirit. It is used in clinical practice to treat neurasthenia and insomnia (emotion-related symptoms), and its key component, glycyrrhizin, exhibits anxiolytic properties. This aligns with the holistic approach of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to regulating neuropsychiatric disorders. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anxiolytic efficacy of ABOL in rats with anxiety induced by chronic restraint stress (CRS), and to clarify its mechanism by focusing on modulation of the gut\u2013brain axis (microbiota and metabolism). Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats underwent three hours of restraint per day for 28 days to induce anxiety. ABOL was administered intragastrically in three doses. Anxiety-like behaviours were assessed using OFT, EPM and SPT. Serum, tissue and faecal samples were analysed using ELISA, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, non-targeted metabolomics, 16S rRNA sequencing and RT-qPCR. Results: CRS induced anxiety-like behaviours, impaired weight gain and perturbed the balance of neurotransmitters (decreasing 5-HT, GABA, NE and DA, while increasing CORT), inducing inflammation\/oxidative stress, hippocampal neuronal injury, intestinal barrier dysfunction and gut microbiota\/metabolic dysregulation. ABOL effectively reversed these abnormalities by restoring the balance of neurotransmitters and the HPA axis, suppressing inflammation and oxidation, protecting neurons and the intestinal barrier, remodelling the gut microbiota (enriching Akkermansia and balancing Firmicutes\/Bacteroidota) and regulating sphingolipid and glycerophospholipid pathways. The interaction between the gut microbiota and metabolites may contribute to this pharmacological effect. Conclusions: ABOL exerts anxiolytic effects by modulating the gut\u2013brain axis at multiple targets, involving microbiota remodelling, regulation of lipid metabolism and improvement of pathology. This validates its ethnopharmacological value, linking traditional Chinese medicine to the development of modern anxiolytics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph19060831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T16:17:58Z","timestamp":1779812278000},"page":"831","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Remodeling Underlies the Anxiolytic Effect of Anshen Bunao Oral Liquid"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhipeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbo","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Aodong Yanbian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yanbian 133700, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongkuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Aodong Yanbian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yanbian 133700, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuyun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Aodong Yanbian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yanbian 133700, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Jiyuan Neurohealth Industry Research Institute of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9036-8535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qinqiang","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Jiyuan Neurohealth Industry Research Institute of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2156","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69865-6","article-title":"Generalised Anxiety Disorder","volume":"368","author":"Tyrer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2015.17.3\/macrocq","article-title":"A History of Anxiety: From Hippocrates to DSM","volume":"17","author":"Crocq","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. 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