{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:34:22Z","timestamp":1785429262647,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00fdzyk40","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health & Welfare of the Korean Government","award":["RS-2023-00265860"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00265860"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013aysd81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education","award":["RS-2024-00463053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00463053"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education","award":["RS-2026-25474823"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2026-25474823"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by epithelial injury and excessive inflammatory responses. J2H-1802 is a newly synthesized hybrid molecule designed to combine the pharmacological properties of mycophenolate mofetil and 5-aminosalicylic acid. This study evaluated the protective and anti-inflammatory effects of J2H-1802 in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model and investigated its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Experimental colitis was induced in mice by administration of 2.5% (w\/v) DSS for 7 days, followed by oral treatment with J2H-1802. Body weight, stool consistency, fecal bleeding, and disease activity index were assessed. Colon length and spleen weight were measured to evaluate macroscopic damage. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, interleukin-1\u03b2, interleukin-6, and myeloperoxidase in colon tissues were quantified, and the expression of phosphorylated nuclear factor-\u03baB and cyclooxygenase-2 was analyzed by Western blotting. Results: J2H-1802 alleviated DSS-induced body weight loss, diarrhea, and fecal bleeding, resulting in reduced disease activity index scores. It also prevented colon shortening and attenuated splenomegaly. In addition, J2H-1802 significantly suppressed the elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, interleukin-1\u03b2, interleukin-6, and myeloperoxidase in colon tissues. Western blot analysis further showed that J2H-1802 inhibited the DSS-induced upregulation of phosphorylated nuclear factor-\u03baB and cyclooxygenase-2. Conclusions: J2H-1802 protected against DSS-induced colitis by reducing inflammatory responses and inhibiting the nuclear factor-\u03baB\/cyclooxygenase-2 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that J2H-1802 functions as a hybrid anti-inflammatory scaffold with in vivo pharmacological activity and may warrant further optimization and investigation in IBD models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph19060847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T01:08:02Z","timestamp":1780535282000},"page":"847","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Design and Preliminary In Vivo Evaluation of J2H-1802, a Hybrid Compound Derived from 5-ASA and MMF, in a DSS-Induced Colitis Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3221-3770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myong Jin","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Hoon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabsik","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J2H biotech Inc., Suwon 16648, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ju Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J2H biotech Inc., Suwon 16648, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwanghyun","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J2H biotech Inc., Suwon 16648, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiwon","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J2H biotech Inc., Suwon 16648, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Hwan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2257-0798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sumi","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woo-Chan","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ki Sung","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-08940-0","article-title":"Global evolution of inflammatory bowel disease across epidemiologic stages","volume":"642","author":"Hracs","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-025-01097-1","article-title":"The global burden of inflammatory bowel disease: From 2025 to 2045","volume":"22","author":"Kaplan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. 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