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Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and characterize castor oil\u2013based nanoemulsions containing chlorophyll (NFs-Chl) and to evaluate their in vitro photodynamic potential against melanoma cells (B16-F10), as well as their selectivity compared with human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Methods: NFs-Chl were prepared by spontaneous emulsification. Physicochemical characterization was carried out using dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV\u2013Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. In vitro assays included MTT for cell viability (IC50 determination), real-time cell proliferation (RealTime-Glo\u2122), and cell migration analysis (scratch assay). All photodynamic treatments were performed under irradiation at 660 nm. Results: NFs-Chl exhibited homogeneous nanometric sizes (\u224824\u201331 nm) and a low polydispersity index (\u22480.25\u20130.40), indicating a narrow size distribution. UV\u2013Vis spectra confirmed the preservation of the characteristic absorption peaks of chlorophyll after encapsulation. In B16-F10 cells, NFs-Chl associated with PDT significantly reduced cell viability and metabolic activity over 48 h. Furthermore, NFs-Chl inhibited the migratory capacity of B16-F10 cancer cells. Cell migration assays revealed a clear inhibition of B16-F10 cell migration following treatment with NFs-Chl + PDT. Conclusions: Encapsulation of chlorophyll into castor oil nanoemulsions protected the photosensitizer, improved its cellular delivery, and enhanced its photodynamic cytotoxic effect against melanoma cells, while relatively preserving normal keratinocytes in vitro.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph19070974","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T03:06:34Z","timestamp":1782875194000},"page":"974","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Chlorophyll-Loaded Castor Oil Nanoemulsions Exhibit Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy Against B16-F10 Melanoma with Low Cytotoxicity Toward HaCaT Keratinocytes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4806-9192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joabe Lima","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9929-0201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre Silva","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Spectroscopy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vit\u00f3ria Regina Miranda Carvalho","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas Carvalho dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8013-8250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 de Lima e Silva","family":"Mariano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Spectroscopy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5665-6349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isadora","family":"Flor\u00eancio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular Biology Department, Institute of Biological Sciences, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9873-3098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f4nia Nair","family":"B\u00e1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular Biology Department, Institute of Biological Sciences, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4483-9687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebasti\u00e3o William","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Spectroscopy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4289-8678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Eduardo N.","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Spectroscopy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2137-9588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo Bentes","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4711-7583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds Alexandre","family":"Muehlmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Brasilia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, 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